Steam Condenser

Steam condenser is a device in which the

exhaust steam from steam turbine is
condensed by means of cooling water.
The main purpose of a steam condenser in
turbine is to maintain a low back pressure on
the exhaust side of the steam turbine.
Elements of Steam
Condenser
Condenser chamber where steam gets condensed.
Cooling water supply which provides cold water to
condense steam by heat exchanging.
Wet Air pumps They collect condensed steam, the air
and un-condensed water vapour and gases from
condenser.
Hot well in which the condensed steam is collected and
from it steam boiler feed water may be taken if required.
 TYPES
OF
STEAM
CONDENSER
There are mainly three types of jet
condensers.
Low level condenser.
High level condenser.
Ejector condenser.
Low Level Jet Condenser

The cooling water into the

condenser up to a height
of 5.5 m.
It is having disadvantage
of flooding the steam
turbine if the condensate
extraction pump fails.
High Level Jet Condenser
It is also called as
Barometric Jet Condenser
since it is placed above the
atmospheric pressure
equivalent to 10.33 m of
water pressure.
Condensate extraction
pump is not required
because tailpipe has
incorporated in place of it.
Ejector Condenser
A kind of direct contact
condenser in which cooling
water and steam mix in a series
of combining cones
Kinetic energy of steam is
expended to drain off the
condensate and cooling water
from the condenser
Removes the need of air pump
Condensate cannot be used in
boiler since it is contaminated
by cooling water
There are mainly three types of surface
condensers.
Down Flow Surface Condenser
Central Flow Surface Condenser
Inverted Flow Type Condenser
Down Flow Surface Condenser
Exhaust steam enters the top of condenser shell & flows
downward over water tubes
Water tubes are double passed. The cold water flows in
lower side first and then in upper side in the reverse
direction, which enables the maximum heat transfer.
Central Flow Surface Condenser
The steam flows radially
inward.
The condensate is collected at
the bottom of the shell from
where it is taken out by the
condensate extraction pump.
The steam gets access to the
entire periphery of tubes, and
thus a large surface area for the
heat transfer is available as
compared to the down flow,
Inverted Flow Type Condenser
In this condenser the exhaust steam is circulated
through a series of tubes and a thin film of cooling
water is allowed to flow over these tubes. A natural
or force air flow helps rapid evaporation of the film,
which speeds up the condensation process.
Evaporate type steam condenser requires minimum
cooling water. Only the make up water required to
supply to compensate evaporation.

This type of steam

surface condenser is
suitable for small power
plant.