Optix RTN 600 Troubleshooting: Internal

Internal
OptiX RTN 600 Troubleshooting
www.huawei.com
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved

Objectives
Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
List the common analysis methods of fault locating

Outline the Fault Handling Flow
Analyze the typical faults: traffic interruption, error
bit, etc
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 2

Content
1. Troubleshooting Preparation
2. Troubleshooting Idea and Methods
3. Classified Troubleshooting Examples

Requirements for Maintenance Personnel
Be familiar with hardware system and Digital Microwave
Communication principle, particularly in the alarm signal

flow
Alarm/performance generation principle
Master the basic operations of the transmission
equipment
NMS, testing devices, loopback, board replacement

Requirements for Maintenance Personnel
Familiar with the network under maintenance
Network topology, network protection, traffic

configuration
Collect and save on-site data
System alarms, performance events data,

configurations, operation records of NMS

Flow Chart
Start
If the fault does not affect the network

element access, query the alarm and
NO follow the maintenance manual ;
On site or not If problems cannot be solved through
the above methods or remote access
YES is not permitted., please deal with the
problems on site.
water flowing or fire? If all indicators

Hardware YES
off, check the PXC board power input;
problems? And then check the SCC board
NO indicators status.

Flow Chart
Please replace the corresponding
board if report the alarm below:
YES A_LOC, DBMS_PROTECT_MODE,
Query alarms HARD_BAD, POWER_ALM,
POWER_FAIL, RADIO_TSL_HIGH,
NO RADIO_TSL_LOW, RP_LOC, T_F_RST ,
T_FIFO_E, R_F_RST.
Follow the maintenance manual to
handle the alarms below
APS_MANU_STOP, ALM_RTC_FAIL,
APS_FAIL, BD_NOT_INSTALLED,
R_LOS,R_LOF,CONFIG_NOSUPPORT,
RADIO_MUTE,RADIO_RSL_LOW,MW_
LOF,MW_LIM
Transfer to
SDH process

Content

One question
What is the key for troubleshooting ?
To locate a failure ACCURATELY in one station

Basic Principles for Locating Faults
External first, then internal
Exclude external problems first

IF cable, switch failure
Power failure, grounding
Station first, then boards
Try your best to locate the troubles to one node

Basic Principles for Locating Faults
Microwave side first, then SDH side
First check the Microwave side problems

Higher-severity alarms first, then Lower-severity alarms
First analyze critical/major alarms

Then come to minor/warning alarms

Common Methods of Fault Locating
Alarm and performance analysis
Loopback
Replacement
Configuration data analysis
Configuration modification
Test with instruments
Rule of thumb

Alarm and Performance Analysis
How to obtain alarms Observe indicators on
Use NMS and performance? boards and cabinets
Comprehensive
Not detailed
All alarms/performance
No history alarms
events from the whole network
Accurate
Current alarms, history
alarms, occurrence time and
performance event data can be
queried.

Obtain alarm and Select the key alarm or

performance events performance events
Limit the troubles to a

Analyze reasons
certain range or a node

1 2 3
MW-RDI
R-LOF
HSB-INDI
Description
NE1 & NE2 is STM-1 capacity 1+1 configuration;

After switching, that was an alarm R_LOF" on NE1;
Alarm "MW_RDI", HSB_INDI on NE2.

Possible reasons:
Second ODU is faulty;

IF-board is faulty;
TX/RX Frequencies of the second (protection) ODU are
different from the other three ODUs on this hop;
Hybrid Coupler is faulty;
There is water in hybrid coupler;
IF-Jumper is faulty;
IF-board is faulty.

Loopback
What is loopback?
Loopback is the most common, most efficient

method in troubleshooting.
Inloop Inloop
Line RTN equipment Line
outloop outloop
Inloop
outloop
Tributary

Loopback
Board Loopback Loopback Loopback
Application
involved options tools level
Separate switching faults from transmission

Tributary Inloop/ Loopback Loopback at faults. Determine the tributary board failure
board outloop cable, NMS path level roughly. Be unnecessary to modify service
configuration.
Loopback by Locate single station faults. Roughly

Inloop/ Patch fiber,
Line board optical determines the line board failure. Be no
outloop NMS
interface need to modify service configuration
Inloop/ Loopback by the ODU supports RF port inloops and IF

IF/RF port outloop NMS the IF/RF port port inloops/outloops, separate the faults in
the IFunits or the ODU
May interrupt the traffic and ECC

Notes Software loopback is not a thorough method
Will automatically be removed in 5 minutes (provisionable)

Loopback
Procedures
Draw the traffic flow diagram

Loopback section after section to locate the faulty NE
Locate the faults to certain boards

Replacement
Objective Application
Fiber External faults
Cable Boards faults
Module
Board
Effective thoughts
MSP switch
SNCP switch
1+1 SD/FD switch
1+1 HSB switch

Configuration Data Analysis
Query & Analyze the configuration
Timeslot configuration
J1 or C2 bytes
LUTUIF unit or ODU loopback
SNCP or MSP switching conditions (e.g. MS-SD)
External commands (e.g. locked switch)
The consistency of the frequency between two nodes
The appropriate transmission power of the ODU

Configuration Modification
Objective Application Examples

Port No spare boards
Timeslot Restore the traffic
Slot temporarily

Testing Instrument
Instrument Test item
Bit error testing device Bit error/traffic
Optical power meter Optical power
SDH analyzer Bit error/traffic/overhead bytes
Multi-meter Voltage/current/resistance
This method is the most authoritative, but we must have the devices in hand.

Rule of Thumb
Last resort
Reset board
Power off and on
Resend the configuration
Do not consider them as a panacea
They are not helpful for us to find the

cause of the failure.

Common Methods of Fault Locating
Methods Application Features
1. Evaluate the whole network situation.
Alarm and 2. Locate the faulty point preliminarily based on the collected data.
performance Universal
analysis 3. Cause no negative effect on normal services
4. Depend on the NMS
Locate the fault to a single 1. Independent of alarm and performance event analysis
Loopback
station or board 2. Rapid and effective
1. Convenient
Locate the fault to a board or
Replacement 2. Require spare parts/equipment.
isolate external faults
3. Applied with other methods
1. Can find the fault cause.
Configuration Locate the fault to a single
2. Fault locating time is longer.
data analysis station or board
3. Depend on the NMS
Configuration 1. Have a high risk.
Locate the fault to a board
modification 2. Depend on the NMS
Isolate external faults and 1. A general method with high accuracy
Test with
resolve interconnectivity 2. Have certain requirements for the meters.
instruments
problem 3. Applied with other methods
1. Fast fault handling
Experience Special cases 2. High probability of mistake
3. Need experience accumulation.

Common Troubleshooting Sequence
Exclude external troubles
Switching problem? Replacement
Fiber problems? Instrument
Trunk cable? testing
Power supply Loopback
system?
Grounding Alarm/performan
problem? ce analysis
Locate troubles to one NE
Loopback Replacement
Loopback
Alarm/performance analysis
Alarm/performance analysis
Configuration analysis
Locate the troubles to one board Configuration modification
Rule of Thumb

Contents

Classified Troubleshooting Examples
Traffic Interruption
Wrong configuration
Bit Errors

1 2
16 16
E1 E1
Description
Hardware version is V1R2, can not configure 16E1 services ( just

can configure 11E1 services);
There are no other services;
The link between NE1 & NE2 was configured 1+1HSB;

Handling process
Check the license
License just can support 23 E1( 7

E1 for free) and the 1+1 HSB need
the 32 E1 license capacity
Change the license
Delete the 1+1 HSB configuration
Generate the some alarms

Handling process
1 2
MW-LOF LOG_OUT
16 16
E1 E1
Other YES Check the ODU
configurations be launch frequency
changed ? or the receiving
NO power
Check the
configuration for Use other
1+1HSB configuration
guides

Handling process
Wrong operation process to
delete the 1+1 HSB
Analysis: configure the

1+1HSB, both ODUs are
set unmute status; After
delete the protection
configuration, both ODUs
will be disturbed each
other because they have
same launch frequency
and polarization ;
Shut down the ODU and

configure the 1+1 HSB again

Wrong configuration
Bit Errors

Wrong configuration
1 2
Config_nosupport
16 16
E1 E1
Description
NE1 configure 1+0 protection, at the 15 GHz band, and with 16E1 PDH;
NE1 ODU remains mute though it is set to the unmute status;
NE1 ODU transmits signals at the power of -55 dBm though its launched
power is set to 21 dBm;
NE1 generates the Config_nosupport alarm.

Wrong configuration
Handling process
The launched power of ODU is out
of the range?
The range is -6 to 24dbm, and the

launched power is 21 dbm;
The transmit frequency of ODU is

out of the range?
The range is 15GHZ band, and the

actual frequency is 1.46655 GHZ
The designed frequency is 14.6655

GHZ; so change the transmit
frequency to 14.6655 GHZ

Wrong configuration
Bit Errors

Bit Errors
1 2
MW_RDI
MW_LOF
Description
Many bit errors generate in the microwave equipment for

the interval is between 15 to 25 minutes;
The services are interrupted for 5 to 8 seconds each time;
The equipment generate MW_RDI and MW_LOF alarms;

Bit Errors
Handling process
Yes
Wrong configuration? Inconsistent working modes or
No working frequencies of the ODUs
at the local and peer ends?
Hardware problems? No
No
Query the alarms
MW_RDI: MW_LOF:
When this alarm is reported, it The performance of the microwave link
means that the link is faulty and deteriorates.
consequently the peer end The receive function of the local end fails.
receives error bits. The working modes of the ODUs in the local and
peer ends are different.
The working efficiency of the ODUs in the local
and peer ends are different.

Bit Errors
Handling process
The MW_RDI and MW_LOF alarms

are related to the link performance
deterioration
a new link is created and the

frequency interference occurs
between the new and existing links
Guess: other company

After modify the receive and transmit creates a new
powers of the ODUs at the local and microwave hop and the
peer ends, the problem is solved. new microwave hop
shares the site with
Huawei.

Questions
What is the key of troubleshooting?
To locate a failure ACCURATELY in certain station

What is the principle of troubleshooting?
External first, then internal
Station first, then boards
Microwave first, then SDH
Higher-severity alarms first, then lower-severity alarms

Summary
Which methods for troubleshooting?
Alarm and performance analysis
Loopback
Replacement
Configuration Data Analysis
Configuration Modification
Test with instruments
Rule of Thumb

Thank You
www.huawei.com

Optix RTN 600 Troubleshooting: Internal

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Internal

OptiX RTN 600 Troubleshooting

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved

List the common analysis methods of fault locating

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 2

2. Troubleshooting Idea and Methods

3. Classified Troubleshooting Examples

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 3

Be familiar with hardware system and Digital Microwave

Communication principle, particularly in the alarm signal

Alarm/performance generation principle

Master the basic operations of the transmission

NMS, testing devices, loopback, board replacement

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 4

Familiar with the network under maintenance

Network topology, network protection, traffic

Collect and save on-site data

System alarms, performance events data,

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 5

If the fault does not affect the network

water flowing or fire? If all indicators

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 6

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 7

2. Troubleshooting Idea and Methods

3. Classified Troubleshooting Examples

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 8

To locate a failure ACCURATELY in one station

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 9

Exclude external problems first

Try your best to locate the troubles to one node

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 10

First check the Microwave side problems

First analyze critical/major alarms

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 11

Configuration data analysis

Test with instruments

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 12

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 13

Obtain alarm and Select the key alarm or

Limit the troubles to a

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 14

NE1 & NE2 is STM-1 capacity 1+1 configuration;

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 15

Second ODU is faulty;

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 16

Loopback is the most common, most efficient

Line RTN equipment Line

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Separate switching faults from transmission

Loopback by Locate single station faults. Roughly

Inloop/ Loopback by the ODU supports RF port inloops and IF

May interrupt the traffic and ECC

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. All rights reserved Page 18

Draw the traffic flow diagram

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Fiber External faults

Cable Boards faults

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LUTUIF unit or ODU loopback

SNCP or MSP switching conditions (e.g. MS-SD)

External commands (e.g. locked switch)

The consistency of the frequency between two nodes

The appropriate transmission power of the ODU