PRESENTATION

PETROCHEMICAL PRODUCTION PROCESS

CHAPTER 5 : Classic & SMART STYRENE
by
JEGADISH A/L PADMANABHAN
NOORFATIN BINTI KAMARUDIN
KOGULAN A/L SUBRAMANIAM
FRANKY HERMAN
 OBJECTIVE
To understand the process of styrene by the
dehydrogenation of EB.
To differentiate the process of between
Classic Styrene Process and SMART
Process.
To knows the chemical reaction of the main
process.
 INTRODUCTION
Styrene monomer (SM) or vinylbenzene is an important industrial
chemical for manufacture of variety polymers.
SM easy to polymerize on its own or with other monomers.
Commercial processes for the production of stryene by the
dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene.
Over 60% of all styrene currently produced is used in the manufacture
of polystyrene.
CHEMISTRY Dehydrogenation
CLASSIC STYRENE
PROCESS

EB

Dehydrogenation
of EB
SMART STYRENE
Oxidation
 CLASSIC STYRENE
PROCESS
USES DEEP VACUUM/ADIABATIC EB DEHYDROGENATION TECHNOLOGY.

DEHYDOGENATION OF EB IS A ENDOTHERMIC REACTION

COMMERCIAL IRON OXIDE-BASED DEHYDROGENATION CATALYST.

TWO HIGH (>600C) ADIABATIC STAGES.

CONSIST OF TWO DEHYDROGENATION REACTOR.

SUPERHEATED STEAM TEMPERATURE RANGES FROM 700C TO 850C.

 EB
RECYCLE ETHYLBENZENE RECOVERY
COLUMN
BENZENE /
TOLUENE
FUEL GAS SPLITTER
BENZENE
ETHYLBENZENE
GAS GAS
COMPRESSION COMPRESSION
INHIBITOR

STEAM
TOLUENE

DEHYDROGENATED
MIXTURE (DM) STYRENE
STEAM DEHYDROGENATION
MONOMER
CONDENSER
REACTOR EB/SM
CONDENSATE SPLITTER
CONDENSATE
WASTE HEAT
BOILER SEPARATOR
SUPERHEATER STYRENE
FINISHING
COLUMN
TAR
 STEAM

Temperature
drop

TEMPERATURE
UP TO 600C.

Dehydrogenated
Mixture

EB/STEAM

SUPERHEATED STEAM
 SMART STYRENE PROCESS
BASED ON AN OXIDATIVE REHEAT TECHNOLOGY INVENTED BY UOP.

EB DEHYDROGENATION & OXIDATION CATALYST.

USED IN A REVAMP OF AN EXISTING PLANT.

SPECIALLY DESIGNED REACTOR THAT CONTAINS TWO CONCENTRIC

CATALYST ZONES.

DEHYDROGENATION SECTION CONTAINING TWO COMBINATION

OXIDATION & DEHYDROGENATION REACTORS.
 STEAM & AIR
(OXYGEN)

STEAM & AIR

(OXYGEN)

EB
FEED
Dehydrogenated
DEHYDROGENATION mixture
OXIDATION CATALYST
CATALYST

K+ GUARD BED
 PROCESS FEATURES
Substantial recovery of low-level energy
without compression.
Unique reactor system achieving high
single-pass conversions and high
selectivity.
Long reactor run-lengths.
Low steam/hydrocarbon ratio.
Off-line styrene plant optimizer (SM
GAIN).
PROCESS BENEFITS
Increases energy savings.
Reduces investment & Exceptional
mechanical reliability.
Reduces downtime.
Lower production cost.
Allows optimization of operations using a
personal Computer.
 PROCESS FEATURES
Removal of hydrogen shifts the dehydrogenation
reaction equilibrium to obtain 75-80% single-
pass EB conversion.
Oxidative exothermic heat of reaction provides
reactor interstage heating.
Simple steam superheater system.
Competitive SM selectivities are obtained at
high EB conversions.
Oxidation catalyst matches dehydrogenation
catalyst life of 18-24 months.
Substantial energy recovery without
compression.
PROCESS BENEFITS
Lowers flow rate for a given capacity resulting in
lower capital cost.
Allows 30-70% additional capacity through
existing steam superheater system.
Reduces investment.
Reduces investment and production costs.
Reduces downtime.
Increases energy savings.
 DEHYDROGENATED MIXTURE

1) Styrene Monomer

2) Benzene

3) Toluene

4) Unreacted Ethylbenzene

5) Some hydrocarbons (Methane & Ethane)

Back to PFD
Dehydrogenation of EB

Dehydrogenation
catalyst

Back to slide.

Back to reactor
Dehydrogenation of EB & Oxidation

catalyst

Back to slide.

Back to reactor