Glaukoma

Glaucoma

Definition: Glaucoma is a condition that causes

optic nerve damage and gets worse over time. It's
often associated with a buildup of pressure inside
the eye. Associated with a visual field defect.

Types:
Primary congenital glaucoma
Open-angle glaucoma
Angle-closure glaucoma

Causes:
Primary: (Increased IOP) Abnormal aqueous humor
circulation.
Primary Congenital
Glaucoma
A rare condition, more
common in boys.
Manifests without associated
anomalies.
Pathogenesis: Results from a
maldevelopment of the angle
structures which impairs
aqueous outflow that results
in a raised IOP.
Symptoms:
Photophobia
Lacrimation
Blepharospasm
Enlarged globe
Primary Open Angle
Glaucoma
Usually bilateral, not necessarily symmetrical
Characterized by:
Adult onset
IOP>21mmHg
Glaucomatous optic nerve damage
Visual field loss
Open angle of normal appearance
Risk factors and associations:
Age
Race
Family history
Myopia
Primary Open Angle
Glaucoma
Pathogenesis: Elevated
IOP in POAG results
from increased
resistance within the
aqueous drainage system.
Symptoms:
Commonly asymptomatic,
detected incidentally.
Rarely, headache and
ocular pain with mild
blurring of vision due to
transient corneal odema.
Occasionally, early visual
defects can be
discovered by chance.
Primary Angle Closure
Glaucoma
Definition: PACG is a
condition in which elevation
of IOP occurs as a result
of obstruction of aqueous
outflow by partial or
complete closure of the
angle by the peripheral iris.

The disease occurs in

anatomically predisposed
eyes and is frequently
bilateral.