Bioinformatics

the application of mathematical, statistical and computing methods to

analyze and process biological data and protein sequences
Paulien Hogeweg
a Dutch system-biologist
first person who used the term Bioinformatics in 1970
refers Bioinformatics as the use of information technology for
studying biological systems
has an impact on fields such as human health, agriculture, the
environment, energy and biotechnology
 Computational tools
used for:
characterization of genes
determining structural and physiochemical
properties of proteins
phylogenetic analyses
performing simulations to study how biomolecule
interact in a living cell
 Molecular Evolutionary Genetics
Analysis (MEGA)
used for reconstructing the evolutionary histories of species and
inferring the extent and nature of selective forces, shaping the
evolution of genes and species
an integrated tool for
conducting sequence alignment
inferring phylogenetic trees
mining web-based databases
estimating rates of molecular evolution
inferring ancestral sequences
and testing evolutionary hypotheses
 Objectives
1. Obtain the nucleotide/amino acid sequences
from the NCBI website.
2. Align sequences using the MEGA6 software
3. Construct a phylogenetic tree of the species
included in the experiment
4. Compute for divergence time between species
 Materials
MEGA6.0
Laptop/desktop computer with internet
access
 References
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK21622/
https://www.omicsonline.org/open-access/use-
of-bioinformatics-tools-in-different-spheres-of-
life-sciences-2153-0602-5-158.php?aid=31678
https://appdb.winehq.org/objectManager.php?s
Class=application&iId=15163