Machine Guarding

Machine Safeguarding

Subpart O
29 CFR 1910.211
29 CFR 1910.219
 Where Mechanical Hazards Occur

Point of operation
All parts of the machine which move,
such as:
flywheels, pulleys, belts, couplings, chains,
cranks, gears, etc.
feed mechanisms and auxiliary parts of the
machine
In-running nip points
Point of Operation
ROTATING PARTS
NIP POINTS
 Machine Hazards

Cutting
Shearing
Stabbing and
Puncturing
Impact
Entanglement
Friction and Abrasion

Crushing
Projectiles and Energy
Release
 Cutting
Circular Saws

Milling Machines

Band Saws

Angle Grinder
()
 Shearing

Power Press

Metal Planning
Machine

 Stabbing and Puncturing

Flying Objects

Material ejected
from a machine.

Rapidly moving
parts of machinery


 Impact
Objects which strike
the human body
(rotating arm of a
robot).
Planning
machine

 Entanglement
Being caught in a
machine by loose
clothing, long hair,
cleaning rags,
jewellery.



 Friction and Abrasion

Grinding wheel

The belt of a belt
sanding machine

 Crushing
Crushing occurs when part
of the body is caught
between a fixed and
moving parts of a
machine.

Between two moving parts

Between moving parts and
fixed structure.

Methods of Machine
Safeguarding


 : Machine Layout



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 Types of Safeguards

Guards
Devices
Location/Distance
Potential Feeding and Ejection Methods

Miscellaneous
 Guards
Fixed
Interlocked
Adjustable
Self-Adjusting
 Fixed Guards
Interlocked Guards
 Adjustable Guards

 Devices
Photoelectric Sensor
 Safety Tripwire Cables

Device located around the
perimeter of or near the
danger area

Operator must be able to
reach the cable to stop the
machine

 Pullback
 Restraint Device
Uses cables or straps attached
to the operators hands and a
fixed point
Must be adjusted to let the
operators hands travel within
a predetermined safe area
Hand-feeding tools are often
necessary if the operation
involves placing material into
the danger area
 Two-Hand Control

 Gate
Movable barrier device which protects the
operator at the point of operation before
the machine cycle can be started
If the gate does not fully close, machine will
not function

Gate Open Gate Closed

Body Bar

Location/Distance
 Automatic Feeding
 ROBOT

Miscellaneous Aids
 Abrasive-Wheel Machinery

Tool rest within 1/8 of wheel

1/8

Tongue guard within 1/4 of wheel

Outer wheel guard must be in place

Grinder must be securely attached

Ring Test
1. Clean material from grinding wheel.
2. Let wheel dry before testing.
3. Tap wheel with something non-metallic such as a
screwdriver handle.
4. Tap 1/2 inch from outside rim.
5. Rotate wheel 45 degrees and repeat test.
6. A sound, undamaged wheel will give off a clear
metallic ring. A cracked wheel will give off a dull
sound with little or no ring