PEMBENTUKAN KATA

DALAM BAHASA INGGRIS

AFIKSASI
Prefiks (1)

Prefiks
en- + large = enlarge
re- + active = reactive
dis- + function = disfunction
pre- + mature = premature
mis- + communicate = miscommunicate
Suffiks (1)

Suffiks -ed
Cook + -ed = cooked
Bake + -ed = baked

Suffiks -ing
Jump + -ing = jumping
Finish + -ing = finishing
Suffiks (2)

Suffiks -ize
legal + -ize = legalize
modern + -ize = modernize
popular + -ize = popularize

Suffiks ify
codify + -ify = beautify
pure + -ify = purify
simple + -ify = simplify
Suffiks (3)

Suffiks -er
driver + -er = driver
manage + -er = manager
start + -er = starter

Suffiks -ment
manage + -ment = management
develop + -ment = development
pay + -ment = payment
Suffiks (4)

Suffiks -ation
associate + -ation = association
examine + -ation = examination
execute + - execution
Suffiks (5)

Suffiks -ly
careful + -ly = carefully
happy + -ly = happily
quick + -ly = quickly
Suffiks (6)

Suffiks -ity
active + -ity = activity
vital + -ity = vitality
possible + -ity = possibility

Suffiks -ness
happy + -ness = happiness
sad + -ness = sadness
blind + -ness = blindness
dark + -ness = darkness
DERIVASI ZERO
Derivasi Zero (1)

(18) paint(n) paint(v)

Those cans contain red paint.
I paint my room by myself.
(19) must(v) must(n)
You must take this pill to heal your headache.
Having a good TOEFL score is a must for postgraduate
student.
(20) clean(adj) clean(v)
His room is very neat and clean.
Clean the blackboard, please.
Derivasi Zero (2)

No. Verba Nomina

1 objct bject

2 recrd rcord

3 permt prmit
REDUPLIKASI
Reduplikasi

Pengulangan ini biasanya juga disertai dengan sedikit

pengubahan fonologis, contohnya: super-duper. Dalam
bahasa Inggris, reduplikasi sering digunakan dalam
bahasa kanak-kanak (e.g. boo-boo, putt-putt, choo-
choo) atau untuk kata-kata lelucon (e.g. goody-goody,
rah-rah, pooh-pooh) (Brinton 2000: 91).
KOMPOSISI
Komposisi (1)

Kelas Kata Komposisi Keterangan

N + N lipstick (lip N + stick N)

N + V babysit (baby N + sit V)

N + A leadfree (lead N + free A)

V + N drawbridge (draw V + bridge N)

A + N hardware (hard A + ware N)

A + A bitter-sweet (bitter A + sweet A)

Komposisi (2)

Komposisi dengan spasi di antaranya (e.g.

fried chicken, world cup)
Komposisi dengan tanda hubung (-) (e.g. forget-me-
not, brother-in-law)
Komposisi tanpa pemisah (e.g. blackboard, chairman)
Komposisi yang ditambahkan dengan afiks (e.g. four-
legged, black-eyed).