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Factors and Challenges of Regional Integration

The document discusses regional integration in the Caribbean. It outlines factors that promote integration like shared culture and economic issues. It also examines challenges to integration such as small market size and low productivity. The stages of Caribbean integration are outlined from early organizations to the current CARICOM Single Market. The objectives of groups like CARICOM and OECS aim to harmonize policies and increase cooperation across members. Benefits of integration include increased market access, trade, and competitiveness while agencies facilitate integration in areas like agriculture, sports, health and more. Citizens, businesses and governments all have important roles to play in the integration process.

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360 views14 pages

Factors and Challenges of Regional Integration

The document discusses regional integration in the Caribbean. It outlines factors that promote integration like shared culture and economic issues. It also examines challenges to integration such as small market size and low productivity. The stages of Caribbean integration are outlined from early organizations to the current CARICOM Single Market. The objectives of groups like CARICOM and OECS aim to harmonize policies and increase cooperation across members. Benefits of integration include increased market access, trade, and competitiveness while agencies facilitate integration in areas like agriculture, sports, health and more. Citizens, businesses and governments all have important roles to play in the integration process.

Uploaded by

kevinblache
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • Regional Integration: Title slide introducing the concept of Regional Integration.
  • Factors Promoting Regional Integration: Discusses the factors such as cultural and economic similarities that promote regional integration.
  • Major Challenges to Regional Integration: Lists the challenges faced by regions in integrating, such as small market sizes and lack of diversification.
  • Stages of Regional Integration: Covers the historical stages and milestones in the process of regional integration such as CARIFTA and CARICOM.
  • Objectives of OECS & CARICOM: Outlines the main objectives of organizations like OECS and CARICOM including economic integration and foreign policy harmonization.
  • Objectives of CARICOM Single Market: Describes the objectives of the CARICOM Single Market such as the free movement of goods and labor.
  • Benefits of Regional Integration: Highlights the economic and social benefits of regional integration like enlarged market size and improved competitiveness.
  • Agencies of Regional Integration: Lists agencies involved in regional integration efforts, like CARDI and CEHI, which focus on various sectors including agriculture and health.
  • Role of Citizens in the Integration Process: Explains how citizens can contribute to regional integration through entrepreneurship and support for local businesses.
  • Role of Businesses in the Integration Process: Describes the involvement of businesses in enhancing regional integration by boosting competitiveness and quality.
  • Role of Government in the Integration Process: Details the government's role in regional integration, including legislative action and policy harmonization.

Regional Integration

Factors that promote Regional Integration

• common cultural heritage;


• common economic and social issues;
• effects of globalisation, trade liberalisation and trading blocs;
• vulnerability to economic shocks and natural disasters
Majour Challenges to Regional Integration

• (a) small size, small national • (d) low levels of production


markets; and productivity;
• (b) lack of diversification; • (e) differences in resource
• (c) unemployment and distribution;
underemployment; • (f) high levels of
indebtedness (debt burden);
Majour Challenges to Regional Integration

• (g) high level and cost of • (k) difficulties in accessing


imports; markets of developed
• (h) shortage of skilled countries;
workers; • (l) shortage of capital;
• (i) inadequate technology; • (m) vulnerability to natural
• (j) low value of exports; disasters.
Stages of Regional Integration
• West Indies Federation.
• Caribbean Free Trade Association (CARIFTA).
• Caribbean Community (CARICOM).
• Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS)
• Association of Caribbean States (ACS)
• The CARICOM Single Market and Economy (CSME).
Objectives of OECS & CARICOM

• functional cooperation;
• integration of the economies of member states;
• harmonisation of foreign policy.
Objectives of CARICOM Single Market

• free movement of goods and services; right of establishment


• free movement of capital;
• free movement of skilled labour.
The CARICOM Single Market should
promotes the harmonisation of:

• Fiscal (tax) policies;


• Monetary policies (including a single CARICOM currency);
• External trade policy
• Legislation (custom, companies);
• Sectoral policies in agriculture, manufacturing, fisheries.
Benefits of Regional Integration
• a) reduction in unemployment and • (e) free movement of goods, labour and
underemployment; capital;
• (b) better response to economic • (f) increased market size;
implications of globalisation and trade
liberalisation;
• (g) improved levels of international
competitiveness;
• (c) improvement in the quality of life; • (h) expansion of trade;
• (d) reduction in the inequality of wealth • (i) increased co-operation among
distribution;
member states.
Agencies of Regional Integration
• The Caribbean Agricultural Caribbean Association of
Research and Development Football (CONCACAF);
Institute (CARDI) • OECS sports desk (sports);
(Agriculture);
• Caribbean Environmental and
• West Indies Cricket Board Health Institute (CEHI),
(WICB),
• Caribbean Epidemiology
• Confederation of North, Centre (CAREC) (health);
Central American and
Agencies of Regional Integration
• Caribbean Disaster Emergency • Caribbean Examinations Council
Response Agency (CEDERA) (CXC) (education);
(emergency response); • Caribbean Court of Justice (CCJ)
• Caribbean Media Company (justice);
(CMC) (media); • Regional Security Service (RSS)
• University of the West Indies (security).
(UWI),
Role of Citizens in the Integration Process

• entrepreneurship;
• supporting regional producers;
• showing solidarity and mutual support towards regional
fellow citizens;
• investing in local and regional businesses;
• being informed.
Role of Businesses in the Integration Process

• improving competitiveness;
• increasing range and quality of goods and services;
• providing opportunities for investment and employment;
Role of Government in the Integration Process

• enacting enabling legislation;


• harmonising policies;
• honouring protocols;
• educating citizens about the objectives and benefits of
integration.

Regional Integration
Factors that promote Regional Integration • common cultural heritage; • common economic and social issues; • effects of globa
Majour Challenges to Regional Integration • (a) small size, small national markets; • (b) lack of diversification; • (c) une
Majour Challenges to Regional Integration • (g) high level and cost of imports; • (h) shortage of skilled workers; • (i) in
Stages of Regional Integration • West Indies Federation. • Caribbean Free Trade Association (CARIFTA). • Caribbean Community
Objectives of OECS & CARICOM • functional cooperation; • integration of the economies of member states; • harmonisation of fo
Objectives of CARICOM Single Market • free movement of goods and services; right of establishment • free movement of capital;
The CARICOM Single Market should promotes the harmonisation of: • Fiscal (tax) policies; • Monetary policies (including a si
Benefits of Regional Integration • a) reduction in unemployment and underemployment; • (b) better response to economic imp
Agencies of Regional Integration • The Caribbean Agricultural Research and Development Institute (CARDI) (Agriculture); •

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