Penentuan Nilai Tukar • Flexible Exchange Rate • Fixed Exchange Rate • Adjustable Peg System or Managed Float Faktors yang Mempengaruhi Nilai Tukat • Inflation • Interest Rate • Speculation • Change in Competitiveness • Relative Strength to Other Countries • Balance of Payments • Public Debts • Government Intervention • Political Stability and Economic Performance Pasar Devisa • Pemain • Bank komersial • Perusahaan • Lembaga keuangan non-bank • Bank Sentral