Meningism

• Meningism is the triad of nuchal rigidity (neck stiffness),

photophobia (intolerance of bright light) and headache. It is a
sign of irritation of the meninges, such as seen in meningitis,
subarachnoid hemorrhages and various other diseases.
 meningism
• Nuchal Rigidity
– Flexion of the spine leads to stretching of the
meninges.
– In meningitis, traction on the inflamed meninges is
painful, resulting in limited range of motion through
the spine (especially in the cervical spine).
• Brudzinski and Kernig
– Because of inflamed meninges, when meninges
stretched by lifting neck and legs will make meninges
in lumbosacral region also stretched and give respons
to kernig, brudzinski I and II