BASIC DRAWING

& ILLUSTRATION
CRISANTO R. OROCEO
GABU ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
ILLUSTRATION
It includes the line drawings, photo
illustrations, charts, graphs, diagrams, and all
types of graphics created for interpretation or
visual explanation of text, concept, or
process, included in published learning
resources.
CATEGORIES OF ILLUSTRATION
Conventionally drawn art refers to the
illustrations that are created by hand on
paper using pencil, pen, or similar drawing
tool.
Computer drawn art is drawn by hand on a
computer using Adobe Illustrator, Adobe
Photoshop and CorelDraw
TOOLS AND MATERIALS FOR
ILLUSTRATION
CONVENTIONAL TOOLS

Graphite pencils are used for both writing and drawing and result in durable
markings: though writing is easily removable with an eraser, it is otherwise
resistant to moisture, most chemicals, ultraviolet radiation, and natural aging.
CONVENTIONAL TOOLS
Artists' charcoal is a form of dry art
medium made of finely ground
organic materials that are held
together by a gum or
wax binder or produced without
the use of binders by eliminating
the oxygen inside the material
during the production process.
Charcoal can produce lines that
are very light or intensely black,
while being easily removable, yet
vulnerable to leaving stains on
paper.
CONVENTIONAL TOOLS

Permanent markers Alcohol-basedmarkers Fine liners

A marker pen, fineliner, marking pen, felt-tip marker, felt-tip pen,

flow, marker or texta or sketch pen, is a pen which has its
own ink-source, and a tip made of porous, pressed fibers such
as felt.
CONVENTIONAL TOOLS

Vinyl eraser Art gum eraser Kneaded eraser Electric eraser

An eraser, is an article of stationery that is used for removing

writing from paper or skin. Erasers have a rubbery consistency
and come in a variety of shapes, sizes and colors.
CONVENTIONAL TOOLS
A tortillon or a blending stump
is a cylindrical drawing tool,
tapered at the end and
usually made of rolled paper,
used by artists to smudge or
blend marks made with
charcoal, Conté crayon,
pencil or other drawing
utensils.
CONVENTIONAL TOOLS

Conte crayon
Colored pencils Watercolor

Coloring media
DIGITAL TOOLS

Computers
DIGITAL TOOLS

Tablet monitors
DIGITAL TOOLS

Graphic tablets
DIGITAL TOOLS

Computer tablets
DRAWING LINES
DRAWING LINES
 Lineis the most basic design tool on which almost every
piece of art relies. A line has length, width, tone, and texture.
It may divide space, define a form, describe contour, or
suggest direction.
 You can find a line in every type of art. There are, of course,
line art drawings and even the most abstract painting uses
line as a foundation. Without line, shapes cannot be noted,
texture cannot be suggested, and tone cannot add depth.
 Almost every mark you make is a line as long as it is not a
dot, of course. A cluster of lines (or dots) can make a shape
and a series of lines (or dots) can make a pattern.
TYPES LINES
Lineweight - used to describe the strength of a line, or how
light or dark it appears on paper.
TYPES LINES
Horizon Line - Controls the height of the viewer's eye. This is
most apparent in landscapes but can be
applied to other subjects as well.
TYPES LINES
Orthogonal Line - Used in perspective drawing, orthogonal
are the lines that reach back to and
converge at the vanishing point.
TYPES LINES
Implied Line - Occurs when you continue a line after a
small break and that line proceeds in the
same direction.
TYPES LINES
Contour Structural or Center Line
Used in animation to ensure figures are symmetrical
and balanced.
TYPES LINES
Contour Line - Using line to define the edge or form of an
object. Quite simply, it is used to create an
outline drawing.
 DRAWING
LIGHTS AND SHADOW
SHADING TECHNIQUES
Conventionally drawn art refers to the
illustrations that are created by hand on
paper using pencil, pen, or similar drawing
tool.
Computer drawn art is drawn by hand on a
computer using Adobe Illustrator, Adobe
Photoshop and CorelDraw
TAKING A CLOSER LOOK
AT LIGHT AND SHADOW
Before you can draw the appropriate values that illustrate
light and shadows correctly, you need to be able to
visually identify the following:
 Light source: The direction from which a dominant light
originates. The placement of this light source affects
every aspect of a drawing.
 Shadows: The areas on an object that receive little or no
light.
 Cast shadow: The dark area on an adjacent surface
where the light is blocked by the solid object.
TAKING A CLOSER LOOK
AT LIGHT AND SHADOW
TAKING A CLOSER LOOK
AT LIGHT AND SHADOW
TAKING A CLOSER LOOK
AT LIGHT AND SHADOW

Each time you reposition the light source, identify the

following:
 The shadows on the object (dark values)
 The brightest areas (the highlights)
 The
light values (areas closer to the light source or not in
shadow)
 The cast shadow (the darkest values)
SHADING TECHNIQUES
SHADING TECHNIQUES
Parallel Hatching
Parallel hatching is one of the most
basic forms of hatching, and it’s still
a very effective way of
demonstrating value (light and
dark) in a drawing. It consists of
rows of parallel lines placed closely
together. Anywhere you put
hatching in a drawing, that area
will appear darker or in shadow,
and anywhere you don’t will
appear as a highlight.
SHADING TECHNIQUES
Contour Hatching
Rather than simple parallel lines,
contour hatching is when the lines
follow the contours of the subject.
Here, the hatch marks follow the
curves of the hand. This method of
hatching greatly enhances the
sense of volume and three-
dimensionality of anything you are
drawing, in addition to providing
value.
SHADING TECHNIQUES
Crosshatching
This is such a well-known method that
nearly every artist has encountered it,
and it’s exactly what it sounds like.
After laying down one pass of hatch
marks, another set of hatch marks are
drawn on top, usually in a
perpendicular or near-perpendicular
direction to the first set. This method is
one of the quickest and most
effective ways to vary the density and
darken the values in your hatching.
SHADING TECHNIQUES
Fine Crosshatching
This is the richest and most subtle form
of crosshatching, and it might even
read as a tonal or pencil-shaded
drawing from far away. The method is
the same as above, with several
layers of cross hatch marks rather
than just two, to create even more
nuanced differences in tone and
value. A fine-line pen is the best tool
for fine crosshatching, as the close
marks will appear to blend together
from a distance.
SHADING TECHNIQUES
Woven or Basket Hatching
This is a very striking and graphic
style of hatching when used
correctly. Rather than all parallel
marks, this method uses short sets of
parallel marks in one direction, then
an adjacent group of parallel
marks in an almost perpendicular
direction. The effect looks woven
when done well, and they can also
be crosshatched to add density if
desired.
SHADING TECHNIQUES
Tick Hatching
This is another very graphic style of
hatching, consisting of very short
parallel strokes or “ticks.” Because
the marks are so small and short,
you can almost pile them on top of
one another to create density,
without worrying about
crosshatching. This style often works
best with a thicker pen to increase
the graphic quality.
COLOR HARMONIES
COLOR HARMONIES
Harmony is nature’s way of saying that two or
more things together make sense.
Color harmony represents a satisfying balance or
unity of colors.
Combinations of colors that exist in harmony are
pleasing to the eye.
The human brain distinguishes the visual interest
and the sense of order created by the harmony
and forms a dynamic equilibrium.
COLOR HARMONIES

Monochromatic harmony
uses various values (tints,
tones, and shades) within
the same color family.
COLOR HARMONIES
COLOR HARMONIES

Analogous harmonies are

based on three or more
colors that sit side-by-side
on the color wheel.
COLOR HARMONIES
Complementary colors are
those that appear
opposite each other on
the color wheel.
COLOR HARMONIES
A split -complementary
color arrangement results from
one color paired with two colors
on either side of the original
color’s direct complement
creating a scheme containing
three colors.
COLOR HARMONIES
Triad colors are three colors
equally spaced from one
another, creating an
equilateral triangle on the
color wheel.
 THANK YOU
FOR LISTENING.