LOW POWER(100w)

TRANSMITTER MAKE-GCEL
MODEL 121-2 VHF CHANNEL 7

PRESENTED BY-

T. MADHAN MOHAN REDDY

S. PRATHYUSHA
T. PRATHIMA
T. GANESH
INTRODUCTION

 Doordarshan and AIR functions under the Ministry

of information and broadcast unit in Government of
India.
 Both works as an electronic media, for the activities
of public in both culturally and literally to the noock
and corner of the India.
 This spreads widely to cater the needs of viewers and
listeners of public in india and around the world.
 It functions during the natural calamities and critical
times like war by giving messages to the concern,
radiating through the Antenna from the transmitter.
 Programs are recorded at the studios located at Delhi and
other state Capitals including small towns by organizing
with local artists, eminent personalities and public.
 The transmitters are divided into two categories based on
channel operations i.e., UHF and VHF transmitters.
 Similarly depending on power is classified as VLPT,
LPT and HPT.
Satellite Communication

UPLINK DOWN LINK

Uplink Station Receive Centre

Television Broadcasting System

Transmitte

Receiver
r
TV Transmitters

 High Power TV Transmitters

both the signals (video and audio) modulate the carrier
waves whose frequencies and types of modulations are
as per established standards. These modulated carriers
are further amplified and then diplexed for transmission
on the same line and antenna.
 Low Power TV Transmitters
both the signals (video and audio) are modulated
separately but amplified jointly using common vision
and aural amplifier.
SIGNAL INPUT PROCESS FOR
TRANSMITTER
TYPES OF TRANSMITTER BASED ON
POWER

 In this 50w is considered as VLPT, 100w, 300w &

500w are called LPT’s and 1kw and 10kw are called
HPT’s.
 This transmitters are established based on the
population, area to be covered and geographical
conditions.
 The transmitter at Madanapalli in Chittoor district of
AP is low transmitter (LPT). It is GCL made 121-2
model and radiating 100w power.
LPT MAKE GCEL MODEL 121-2
 The transmitter GCEL make 121-2 model contains the
following blocks in the transmitter.
1. 230v Power Supply unit with RF bypass
condancer.
2. DC Power Supply 28v- 2 no’s
3. Exciter unit – 2 no’s (one is spare)
4. Driver Amplifier- 2 no’s (one is spare)
5. Power Amplifier 50w – 2 no’s (one is spare)
6. Divider & Combiner unit – 1 no’s
PRINCIPLE OF EXCITER
 Basic principle of the exciter is to produce intermediate
frequencies as carrier for the vision and sound signals.
 These intermediate frequencies are identical in the
various T.V bands. It pass through several band
limiting filters and pre-correction circuits before
getting converted into the channel frequency and
amplified.
 The individual modules and their associated functions
are listed below.
EXITER BLOCKS

1. Video Processor
2. Vision Modulator
3. Aural Modulator
4. IF Corrector
5. IF Combiner
6. IF Channel Converter
7. AC-DC Converter
 Standards

 The characteristics of the TV signal refer to CCIR B/G

standards.

Vision/sound carrier Frequency Range

spacing
channel width
Vision sound carrier spacing 5.5 MHz
Channel width 7 MHz (B) VHF
8 MHz (G) UHF
Sound Modulation FM
FM deviation (maximum) + 50 kHz
APPLICATIONS
 These are used in doordarshan relay centre
& defence.
 Its functions during the natural calamites &
critical times like war by giving messages to
the concern, radiating through the antenna.
 It is used in communications purpose.
THANK YOU