CNC TECHNOLOGY

DPM – IVS404
INTRODUCTION TO CNC
Definition of CNC
Function of CNC
Comparison between NC and CNC
Direct Numerical Control
Advantages of CNC
Disadvantages of CNC
Application of CNC
Parts suitable for CNC Machines
Mass production – Special purpose machines, automatic machines and transfer lines
Job/ Batch production - General purpose machines – Skilled operator is responsible
for many inputs – cost of time and productivity
Copying machines - Masters
Automatic lathe - Micro switches and stoppers
Numerical Control Machines - instructions given to the machine tool in coded form
Electronic Industries association (EIA), USA definition of NC

“ A system in which the actions are controlled by direct insertion of numerical data at
some point. The system must automatically interpret at least some portion of this
data”

Programme – blocks are series of numbers, alphabets or alphanumerics

NC MACHINES
Initial Stage – Control the position of workpiece relative to tool
Next stage - Controlled material removal
Instruction – magnetic tape-- ????
CNC MACHINES
ADVANTAGES OF CNC MACHINES
Reduced lead time
Elimination of Operator error
Operator Activity
Lower labour cost
Smaller Batches
Longer tool life
Elimination of special jigs and fixtures
Flexibility in changes of component design
Reduced inspection
Less scrap
Accurate costing and scheduling
DISADVANTAGES OF CNC MACHINES
Higher investment cost
Higher maintenance cost
Costlier CNC personnel
Planned support facility