Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Cogpsy Sarmiento
Cogpsy Sarmiento
portraits
HUMPHREY OCEAN
portrait artist
H. O.
portrait artist
Paul McCartney
b y H u m p h r e y O c e a n
o i l o n c a n v a s , 1 9 8 3
3 3 5 / 8 i n . x 1 9 1 / 2 i n .
( 8 5 4 m m x 4 9 5 m m )
N P G 5 6 9 5
“When I do portraits,
what emerges is not the
essence of the person,
although it may be very
like them, but it is what
they were like, in front
of me, then.”
Humphrey Ocean
Facial recognition
What
goes
on in a
mind
of an
artist?
H.O. : A CASE STUDY
OF AN ARTIST
Solso; Miall & Tchalenko
The Cognitive
Neuroscience of Art:
A Preliminary fMRI
Observation
Robert Solso (2001)
f fM
MRRI I FFuunncctti ioonnaal l M
Maaggnneetti icc
RReessoonnaannccee I Im maaggi inngg
measures brain activity by
detecting changes
associated with blood
flow. This technique relies
on the fact that cerebral
blood flow and neuronal
activation are coupled.
H.O. is so efficient in his
perception and memory for
faces that he shifts his
attention to deeper forms
of cognition that involve a
more penetrating analysis
of faces.
FACIAL COGNIZANCE
- Unique form of facial
comprehension
A Painter’s Eye
Movements:
A Study of Eye and
Hand Movement
during Portrait
Drawing
R.C. Miall
and John Tchalenko(2001)
• H . O . s p e n t 2 x a s m u c h f i x a t i n g o n
t h e m o d e l d u r i n g e a c h g l a n c e a s t h e
n o v i c e s d i d .
• H i s f i x a t i o n o n t h e m o d e l w a s
d i f f e r e n t f r o m h i s o r d i n a r y l o o k i n g
p a t t e r n .
• F i x a t i o n s s h i f t e d f r o m m o d e l t o
c a n v a s .
• D e t a i l - t o - d e t a i l r a t h e r t h a n h o l i s t i c
a p p r o a c h
• H a n d m o v e m e n t s w e r e s i m i l a r t o t h e
f i n a l s k e t c h
HUMAN
HUMAN
INTELLIGENCE
INTELLIGENCE
“Cognitive scientists are
particularly interested in
human intelligence,
because intelligence
represents, in some
sense, the epitome of
human functioning—that
which makes us
distinctively human.”
Robert J. Sternberg
THE PROBLEM OF
DEFINITION
TOPICS RELATED:
• Concept formation
• Reasoning
• Problem solving
• Creativity
• Memory
• perception
AN INTELLIGENT PERSON…
• “reasons logically and
well”
• “reads widely”
• “keeps an open mind”
• “reads with high
comprehension”
CAN BE DEFINED IN
TERMS OF
• Individual differences in
reaction time
• Inspection time
• Working memory
WORKING DEFINITION
• Human intelligence is the
ability to acquire, recall,
and use knowledge to
understand concrete and
abstract concepts and the
relationships among
objects and ideas, and to
use knowledge in a
meaningful way.
NICKERSON, PERKINS, &
SMITH (1985)
• Settled on several abilities
that they believe represent
human intelligence.
ABILITIES THAT REPRESENT
HUMAN INTELLIGENCE
• Ability to classify patterns
• Ability to modify behavior
adaptively
• Ability to reason
deductively
• Ability to reason
inductively
• Ability to develop and use
conceptual models
• Ability to understand
COGNITIVE THEORIES
OF INTELLIGENCE
INFORMATION
PROCESSING SPEED
GENERAL KNOWLEDGE
REASONING AND
PROBLEM SOLVING
INFORMATION PROCESSING
THEORY OF COGNITION
GENERAL KNOWLEDGE
REASONING AND
PROBLEM SOLVING