LOCATION INFORMATION

MANAGEMENT

Group 3

AKSHAY GOYAL
DUSHYANT SACHDEVA
NEELANSH JAIN
INTRODUCTION
Location technologies generate sensor
events in response to changes in locations
of locatable objects.

Location sensing technologies already exist

like Radar, Bluetooth, GPS (Global Positioning System)
and many more.

Some like Active Badge System which provides information about

presence of user in a region and
like Active Bat System which provides information that is accurate to a few
centimeters.

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WHY TO MANAGE LOCATION
INFORMATION?
Only a fraction of sensor events are of interest to
any specific application. The multiplicity of this
location information determines the need for a
management system.

A mechanism is required that will enable applications to see

those events that are relevant to its responsibility while
filtering out those that are not.

A research into Location Information Management being

done as a project named QoSDREAM i.e, Quality of Service
for Dynamically Reconfigurable Adaptive Multimedia.

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QOSDREAM PROJECT

This project is a work of Hani Naguib and George Coulouris with

the main aim to provide a middleware platform for developing
distributed multimedia applications.

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Location Service: - it is in charge of gathering location information from
specific location technologies and presenting it to rest of the system. It also
includes managing and filtering the large amount of location information.

The information from Location Service made available to rest of system and
applications through an Event Messaging System which distributes events to
interested parties and provide number of filtering services.
Distributed Multimedia Services allows construction and manage, distributed
multimedia components.
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 LOCATION INFORMATION
Location service is a collection of objects that retrieve location information
from existing location sensors and make this information available to
QoSDREAM applications and this type of information is highly dependent
on location technologies being used.

MODELLING LOCATION INFORMATION

Locators: - it represents the location technology being used like Active Badge
or Active Bat.

Locatables: - it represents whose location need to be tracked like person or

equipment.

Locatable Region: - it defines location specific characteristics of Locatables.

Use of regions helps in management of location information particularly with

regards to filtering this information in order to reduce location related traffic.

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 LOCATION SERVICE ARCHITECHTURE

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 IN THE QOSDREAM ARCHITECTURE

 It is incharge of gathering location information from specific location

technologies.

 It present it to the rest of system in a location technology independent

fashion.

 Location service perform management of location informations.

 At the lowest level we have Federator objects,that interface with specific

location technology(hidden object location,GPS plus compass technology).

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IN THE QOSDREAM ARCHITECTURE (Contd.)

 Information gathered by Federator ,carried through light weight

events called federator events.

 Federator events contain generic information as type and id and

federator specific data.

 Basically a federator ,person or thing that unites separate group.

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 ACTIVE BADGE FEDERATOR ,THAT
INTERPRET THE DATA BEING GENERATED BY
ACTIVE BADGE SYSTEM.

These events can be monitored by applications that require very detailed location
information. In general applications are only interested in specific location-
related information and so can use other types of events (described below) to
receive only events that it is interested in. Federator events are also sent to our
Spatial Relations Manager (SRM). The SRM’s task is to convert
information gathered by Federators into overlapping events between the
regions in our world model.

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ACTIVE BADGE FEDERATOR ,THAT INTERPRET
THE DATA BEING GENERATED BY ACTIVE BADGE
SYSTEM (CONTD.)

Before the SRM can reason about the regions and their interactions, Location Modules
translate Federator events into regions.

For example a Location Module for an Active Badge System, would generate a
location region for the given locator in the Badge Federator Event. The shape of this
region would be the same as that of the room where the locator was detected. This can
be derived from the sensorID field in the Federator Event.

MEMBERS OF FEDERATION

11

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 SRM USES FEDERATOR SPECIFIC DATA OF
FEDERATOR EVENTS TO DETERMINE REQUIRED
LOCATION MODULE.
Once the SRM has obtained updated regions from
Location Modules it analyses them looking for changes
in overlaps between regions. If those are found then the
SRM produces what we call Raw Overlap Events.
These contain the type of overlap between two
regions as well as their previous relationship.

•Now SRM job is to analyze ,looking for changes in overlap between

region. If found, then SRM PRODUCES the informations as type of overlap
between two region and as well their previous relationship.

•These events what we call as RAW OVERLAP EVENTS.

•These events are not general for applications so applications register

themselves to receive specialised overlap events produced by EVENT
ADAPTOR.

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 These type of events are different from federator events – As it can be
filtered relate to a higher level abstraction such as people and equipment . It
is the job of event adaptor (objects that receive raw overlap events
generated by SRM) TO filter and transform these into events that are of
interest to applications.

 Events generated by event adaptor called Overlap events and they are being
carried by QoSDREAM MESSAGE SERVICE. New events adaptors are
easily created and dynamically incorporated into QoSDREAM.

 Three types of Events adaptor-:

 PERSON MOVEMENT ADAPTOR
 PERSON OVERLAP ADAPTOR
 EQUIPMENT OVERLAP ADAPTOR

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 PersonMovement Adaptor: This generates overlap events when a
person’s location region overlaps with a geographical location. This event
contains a personID and a LocationID fields.

 PersonOverlap Adapter: This generates overlap events when a person’s

location region overlaps with that of another. This event contains a
person1ID and person2ID fields.

 EquipmentOverlap Adapter: This generates overlap events when a

person’s location region overlaps with that of an equipment. This event
contains a personID as well as a equipmentID fields.

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 NOW THE APPLICATIONS ARE FREE TO CHOOSE
WHICH EVENTS TO RECEIVE AND FURTHER
THEY CAN FILTER OVERLAP EVENTS ON VALUE
OF FIELD IN THE EVENTS.
 For example an application interested in arrival at work of person Mark should
register to receive person movement events whose person id field equals to
Mark’s id. To aid with the scalability the representation of the physical world is
divided into zones. These zones can be used by the SRM to cut down on the
number of regions it must analyse when looking for overlap events.

 Zoning also allows for a federation of SRM to be set up. Each of which is
responsible for specific zones (as long as those don’t overlap). For instance
floors in a building might each be handled by a separate SRM.

 Basically approach uses a region-based spatial algorithm to integrate low-level

location information, producing events that approximate closely to the needs of
application programs,making use of events,spatial relation manager cater to the
needs of applications.

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 EVENT MESSAGING SERVICE

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 EVENT MESSAGING SERVICE
(SERVICES PROVIDED)

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 LOCATION INFORMATION
MANAGEMENT-AN APPLICATION

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 TRAFFIC INFORMATION

Badge Events 671

(Federator Events)

Raw Overlap Events 204

Person Movement Events 12

Person Overlap Events 40

Equipment Overlap Events 48

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 CONCLUSIONS AND OUTCOMES

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