Import: The term "import" is derived from the conceptual

meaning as to bring in the goods and services into the port of a
country. The buyer of such goods and services is referred to an
"importer" who is based in the country of import whereas the
overseas based seller is referred to as an "exporter". Thus an
import is any good (e.g. a commodity) or service brought in from
one country to another country in a legitimate fashion, typically
for use in trade. It is a good that is brought in from another
country for sale.Import goods or services are provided to
domestic consumers by foreign producers. An import in the
receiving country is an export to the sending country. Imports,
along with exports, form the basis of international trade. Import
of goods normally requires involvement of the customs
authorities in both the country of import and the country of
export and are often subject to import quotas, tariffs and trade
agreements.
!ogistics:
Logistics is the management of the flow of goods, information
and other resources, including energy and people, between the
point of origin and the point of consumption in order to meet
the requirements of consumers (frequently, and originally,
military organizations). Logistics involves the integration of
information, transportation, inventory, warehousing, material-
handling, and packaging, and occasionally security. Logistics
is a channel of the supply chain which adds the value of time
and place utility.
 !ogistics management is that part of the
supply chain which plans, implements and
controls the efficient, effective forward and
reverse flow and storage of goods, services and
related information between the point of origin
and the point of consumption in order to meet
customer & legal requirements
 p



 There are two basic types of import:

1. Industrial and consumer goods
2. Intermediate goods and services
Companies import goods and services to supply to the domestic
market at a cheaper price and better quality than competing
goods manufactured in the domestic market. Companies
import products that are not available in the local market.
 There are three broad types of importers:
1. !ooking for any product around the world to import and sell.
2. !ooking for foreign sourcing to get their products at the
cheapest price.
3. Using foreign sourcing as part of their global supply chain.
½irect-import refers to a type of business
importation involving a major retailer (e.g. Wal-
Mart) and an overseas manufacturer. A retailer
typically purchases products designed by local
companies that can be manufactured overseas. In a
direct-import program, the retailer bypasses the
local supplier (colloquial middle-man) and buys the
final product directly from the manufacturer,
possibly saving in added costs. This type of business
is fairly recent and follows the trends of the global
economy.
 p 


ea transport systems in today's shipping market have evolved into

three separate but closely connected segments: bulk shipping, liner
shipping and specialized shipping. Although these segments belong to
the same industry, each carries out different tasks and has a very
different character.
!arge homogeneous parcels such as iron ore, coal and grain are
carried by the bulk shipping industry, small parcels of general cargo
are carried by the liner shipping industry and specialised cargoes
shipped in large volumes are transported by the specialized shipping
industry. These three cargo streams create demand for bulk
transport, liner transport and specialized transport. A major
distinction is drawn between the fleets of ships owned by companies
moving their own cargo in their own ships and the ships owned by
independent shipowners and chartered to the cargo owners.
Gulk shipping

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87

£

Kms of Coastline
12 Federal Ports
18 Regional Ports
 7
- 
$9

  
Over 6
 of containers transshipped through
Colombo, Singapore & Salalah

ÿederal Ports Regional Ports

Only
r nadequate draught for
mainline vessels 3
with cargo traffic
ÿederal Regional 14 all weather
r Ageing equipment Ports Ports 1£ fair weather
16 with alongside draught >
6M
r Evacuation bottlenecks
16 with cranes > 1
T
capacity
14 with maintenance
Source: Indian Ports Association dredgers
 
 ë
 



  
6

 


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7$.:2
.:2116(






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*
from private participants

Ot ers
overnment
0* 8

** 9


orts
8
8


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9 *

Source: Ministry of Shipping, Govt.of India
 7
7;p


Private investments range from U 2 milion to 1 Gillion

Non Major Ports

Major Ports
Mundra - Adani
JNP-P& ; Maersk
ikka - Reliance
Mumbai ± Gammon ½ragados
Pipavav ± Maersk
Chennai-P& ; PA
Hazira - hell
Tuticorin-PA
½ahej - Petronet
Vizag-½ubai Ports
½ighi - Galaji
Kandla-AGG Voltri
Rewas ± Amma !ines /Reliance
Cochin-½ubai Ports
Gopalpur - rissa tevedores
½hamra ± TATA / !&T JNP; Tuticorin; Ennore
7  


   *
7

U m project to promote inter-coastal shipping

ÿrom To Around !anka Via Canal !ess by

Chennai Tuticorin 7 3 NM 322 NM 31 NM
Chennai Mumbai 1* NM 112 NM 3 NM
p "<