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Composite and Inverse Functions Guide

This document discusses composite and inverse functions. It explains that a composite function is made up of two or more functions applied one after another. To find the inverse of a function, switch the x and y variables and solve for y. The inverse of a function undoes the operations of the original function. Examples are provided to demonstrate finding the composition of functions, sketching the graph of an inverse function, and determining if two functions are inverses of each other.

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343 views12 pages

Composite and Inverse Functions Guide

This document discusses composite and inverse functions. It explains that a composite function is made up of two or more functions applied one after another. To find the inverse of a function, switch the x and y variables and solve for y. The inverse of a function undoes the operations of the original function. Examples are provided to demonstrate finding the composition of functions, sketching the graph of an inverse function, and determining if two functions are inverses of each other.

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COMPOSITE AND INVERSE

FUNCTIONS
Mrs. Aldous, Mr. Beetz & Mr. Thauvette
IB DP SL Mathematics
You should be able to…
 Find the composition of two functions
 Find the value of the composition of two functions
for a particular value of x
 Use the graph of a function to decide whether the
function has an inverse
 Sketch the graph of the inverse of a function from
the graph of a function
 Verify that two functions are inverses of each other
You should know…
 The composite function f g can also be denoted
( ( ))
by ( f g ) ( x ) or more simply, f g x
 The composition f g is the operation of applying g
then f ; the composition g f is the operation of
applying f then g
 ( )
If f is a function that maps x to f x , then the
( )
inverse function f -1maps f x back onto x
 Geometrically, the graph of the inverse function is a
reflection of the original function in the line y = x
You should know…
 The domain of f is the range of f -1 and the range
of f is the domain of f -1
 To find the inverse of a function analytically, simply
switch the positions of x and y and then solve the
resulting equation for y
 ( ) ( )
A function g x is the inverse of f x if and only if
f ( g ( x )) = g ( f ( x ) ) = x
Composite functions
A composite function is made up Try some of these:
of two or more functions. f(x) = 3x - 1 g(x) = x2 + 3 h(x) = x - 2
f(x) = x + 3 2
g(x) = x - 1
fg(x) means take g(x) and put it 1.fg(x)
into f(x).
Replace each x in f(x) with the 3x2 + 8
complete g(x).
2.gf (x)
2
fg(x) = (x - 1) + 3
9x2 - 6x + 4
fg(x) = x2 + 2
gf(x) means take f(x) and put it
3.gh(x)
into g(x).
Replace each x in g(x) with the x +1
complete f(x).

( ) 4.hf (x)
2
gf(x) = x + 3 - 1

gf(x) = x2 + 6x + 8 3x - 3
Inverse functions
The inverse of a function, is Another example:
reversing the operations of that
function. 3x - 4
f(x) =
f(x) = 4x - 3 7

Replace f(x) with ‘y=’ 3x - 4


y=
7
y = 4x - 3
Now make x the subject of the 7y = 3x - 4
equation.
7y + 4 = 3x
y + 3 = 4x
7y + 4
y +3 =x
=x 3
4
7x + 4
f -1(x) =
Finally replace y with x, and the x 3
with a f-1(x).
x+3
f -1(x) =
4
Inverse of quadratic equations
First, ensure that the equation is in
Try some of these:
the completed the square form.

( ) 3x - 5
2
f(x) = 2 x - 3 + 4 1.f (x) =
2
( )
2
y -4 = 2 x -3 -1 2x + 5
f (x) =
3
y -4
( )
2
= x -3
( )
2 2
2.g(x) = 3 x - 1 + 6
y -4
2
= x -3 ( ) g-1(x) =
x -6
+1
3

y -4
+3= x 3.h(x) = 2x 2 - 6x + 3
2 æ 2
3ö 3
h(x) = 2ç x - ÷ -
x-4 è 2ø 2
f -1(x) = +3
2
x 3 3
h-1(x) = + +
2 4 2
Example
Consider the functions f ( x ) = 2x and
1
g( x) = , x ¹ 3.
x-3

(a) Find ( f g)( 4 )

(b) Find g
-1
( x)
-1
(c) Write down the domain of g .
Example continued…
Example continued…
Example continued…
Be prepared…
 The order in which the functions are to be composed
is extremely important
 Proceed with caution when simplifying expressions
resulting from a composition

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