Pulley

By: Melissa Hale

And
Melinda Miller
 Simple Machines
 A machine is a tool that helps people do
more work with greater speed and less
effort.
 A Simple Machine has few or no moving
parts.
 A Compound Machine has two or more
simple machines working together.
 Simple Machines
 There are six simple machines:
 The lever
 Inclined plane
 Pulley
 Wheel and axle
 Wedge
 Screw
 Simple Machines
 Machines do not create energy.
 Machines change energy from one form to
another.
 Example: A blender is a machine that
changes electrical energy to mechanical
energy.
 Can you think of another?
 Pulley
 Small wheel with groove along its
edge, also called a sheave, for holding
a rope or cable.
 Changes the direction of the force
needed to do the work.
 Pulleys are usually used in sets
designed to reduce the amount of
force needed to lift a load.
 However, the same amount of work is
necessary for the load to reach the
same height as it would without the
pulleys.
 Pulley
 The magnitude of the force is reduced, but it
must act through a longer distance.
 The effort needed to pull a load up is roughly the
weight of the load divided by the number of
wheels.
 The more wheels there are, the less efficient a
system is, because of more friction between the
rope and the wheels.
 Putting several pulleys together really makes the
work easier!
 Pulley
 A pulley is a wheel and axle in
its simplest form.
 There are two kinds of pulleys:
fixed and movable.
 A fixed pulley has weight (the
load) attached to one end of the
rope and effort applied to the
other end.
 A fixed pulley only changes the
direction of the effort.
 Pulley
 In a movable pulley, the load is
attached to the pulley and one
end of the rope is fixed to a
support.
 When the effort is applied to the
free end of the rope, the weight
is lifted and moved along the
rope.
 Pulley
 Pulleys allow people, animals,
and machines to lift heavy
objects greater distances
because pulling something
down is easier than lifting it up.
 We can use our own weight to
pull the rope downward, and
thus pull a load upward.
 Pulley
 A basic equation for a pulley:
In equilibrium, the force F on
the pulley axle is equal and
opposite to the sum of the
tensions in each line leaving
the pulley, and these
tensions are equal.
 Pulley
 A simple pulley system – a
single movable pulley
lifting a unit weight. The
tension in each line is half
the unit weight, yielding an
advantage of 2.
 Pulley
 Another simple pulley
system similar to the
previous diagram, but in
which the lifting force is
redirected downward.
 Pulley
 A practical compound pulley
 Pulley

Video provided by: www.unitedstreaming.com

 Pulley

 Simple Machines Activities

 References
 Answers Corporation (2007). Pulley.
Retrieved April 1, 2007, from
http://www.answers.com/topic/pulley-1
 Discovery Education unitedstreaming
(2007). Pulley. Retrieved April 1, 2007,
from
http://www.unitedstreaming.com/search/as
setDetail.cfm?guidAssetID=7ABDFA50-
927A-47D1-AD00-AF36943B8439
Thank you!

The End!