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Knife To stop objects from moving To fasten objects c To cut objects To split objects apart b a d Axe a b c d Nail Door stopper

Examples

Use less force 1

Make work easier Make work faster 2 3

Wedge Lever
b c

Pulley
d e

Gear Inclined plane

f

Functions

3 2

Wheel and axle

Simple machines

Screw

WEDGE
Has 2 planes that form a sharp edge (a type of inclined plane)

DEVICES THAT ALLOW US TO.... MAIN TYPES

1 2 Complex machines

Formed by combining two or more simple machines

E
L E F E L Arm Ice tongs L F L E L E Bottle opener E F Tweezers L E
2 1 a b c d

A B
VOLUME 3

F E

Bigger than axle

1 2

Less force needed to move the axle

W heel

F L Broom / Mop
Load

MACHINES (1 - 3)

A lever that rotates at the centre of the wheel

1 2

Turns when wheel turns

Axle
b

Examples

Fulcrum

Effort

F Nutcracker
c b d

Papercutter E

Third class lever

c F

Effort is between fulcrum (F) and Load (L)

1
a

To carry or move heavy objects

Wheels Wheel Axle

F Wheelbarrow

Examples L
2

LEVER
3 1 2

Load and effort move in opposite directions

WHEEL AND AXLE

3

Function

Steering wheel
a

Wheel

Load is between fulcrum (F) and effort (E)

Load
1

Second class lever

Classes
Load (L)
Object moved by lever Turning point Force to move object Axle
Wheel

Examples
f c e d

Ferris wheel

Axle

Effort

Fulcrum

E L Hammer F L F E
b d c 2

Functions
b a

Fulcrum (F)

Door knob Screwdriver Cross spanar

Tap

Wheel Axle

Effort (E)

First class lever

Examples
Effort
a 1

Scissors Pliers F L E

Load

To lift heavy objects

To carry heavy objects

Less effort needed to move object

L

a
1 E

b
L

More effort needed to move object

F

Axle
1

Wheel

Metal attached to nut is the axle

Rotated like wheel

See-saw Fulcrum (F) is between load (L) and effort (E) When fulcrum is near the load
2

E 3

When effort is further from the fulcrum

When fulcrum is further from the load

When effort is near the fulcrum