DATA RECOVERY AND

SECURE DELETION
COMPUTER SCIENCE
VALLEY VIEW UNIVERSITY
DUMENU DERRICK 216CS01003715
 OBJECTIVES

• Data Recovery in Personal computer

• Data recovery in databases
• OLTP Environment
• Properties of a transaction
• States of a transaction
DATA RECOVERY IN PERSONAL COMPUTERS

Data recovery is the process of retrieving lost data.

Data can be lost because of …
1. Accidental deletion of a file or partition
2. Due to disk malfunction or failure
3. Due to accidental formatting the storage device
4. Due to physical damage
LOGICAL FAILURE

• In this data is highly recoverable by using recovery

software
• When the file has been accidentally deleted, formatted or
corrupted
• If a file is not over written it can be easily retrieved
PHYSICAL FAILURE

• In this part of data may be retrievable

• For this storage device has to be rebuilt
• If physical damage is of extreme nature then data may be
irrecoverable
• If spindle or head on a disk drive fails it can easily be
restored to function again
INTRODUCTION TO DELETED FILE RECOVERY

• Deleted files located in recycle bin

• If the recycle bin is empty it simply kill the path that
directs to exact physical location
• After the deletion of the file, it’s physical space
declared as free space
• If someone performs new activity on disk after deletion then
the file location will be replaced by the new data.
• A file can be permanently lost if it is over written.
FORMATTED PARTITION RECOVERY

• If hard drive is formatted and someone use a bootable CD to

start the system by installing OS on the formatted drive
then there is more chances of loosing data.
Causes of partition damage
• Improper operation
• Virus attack
• Installation of defective software
SOFTWARE TOOLS FOR RECOVERY

• Recuva: recuva can recover files from hard drives(USB

drives etc.).
• Puran File Recovery: Puran File recovery will even recover
lost partitions if they haven’t been overwritten yet.
• Disk Drill: Disk drill can recover data up to 500MB
virtually from any device.
• Glary Undelete: with easy folder view
• SoftPerfect File recovery: can undelete from hard drives
TRANSACTIONS

• A transaction is a logical unit of a

program execution
• A combination of data updates which have to
be performed together
TRANSACTION FAILURE

• A transaction has to abort when it fails to execute or when

it reaches a point from where it can’t go
• any further. This is called transaction failure where only a
few transactions or processes are hurt.
OLTP ENVIRONMENTS(ONLINE TRANSACTION
ENVIRONMENTS
• Airline/ Railway Reservation System
• Banking Systems(ATM , Wire transfer)
• Trading and Brokerage Systems
• Hotel/ Hospital Systems
• Etc…
INTRODUCTION: A POSSIBLE TRANSACTION

• The client might proceed as follows:

• read account A (obtaining ghc10.00)
• read account B (obtaining ghc15.00)
• write ghc5.00 to account A
• write ghc20.00 to account B
POSSIBLE ERRORS

• The crash could occur after one of the write commands has
been carried out, but before the other has been initiated.
• Recovery from the crash could result in never executing the
other write command
• Accounts A and B are stored on two different machines and
one of these machines crashes
• The client itself crashes after issuing one write command
and before issuing the other.
PROPERTIES OF A TRANSACTION

• Atomicity: Either all updates are performed or none

• Consistency: If the data state at the start of the
transaction is consistent it should be consistent at the end
of the transaction
• Isolation: when multiple transactions are executed
concurrently, the net effect is as though each transaction
has executed in isolation.
• Durability: After a transaction is completes(commits), its
changes are persistence.
ATOMICITY

• Consider a case of funds transfer from account A to account B.

A. balance-=amount;

B. balance+=amount;

A. balance-=amount; CRASH

---- Rollback

----

RECORVERY

A. Balance +=amount;
CONSISTENCY

• Consider a case of funds transfer from account A to account B.

A. balance-=amount;

B. balance+=amount;

B. balance+=amount;

A. balance-=amount(FAILS!! A’s balance is 0)

Rollback

B.bal-=amount
ISOLATION

• Consider a case of funds transfer from account A to account B.

Transaction T1

A. balance-=amount;(let A’s balance become 0 after this..)

B. balance+=amount;

Transaction T2

A. balance-=amount2;

Net effect should either be T1,T2(in which case T2 fails) or

T2,T1(in which case T1 fails)
DURABILITY

• Consider a case of funds transfer from account A to account B.

Account A. should have a balance of amount

Transaction T1:

A. balance-=amount;
B. balance+=amount;

commit

Account A should have a balance of 0.

STATES OF A TRANSACTION

• Active: Initial state: when the transaction is executing

• Partially Committed: when the last statement has finished
execution
• Failed: On discovery that normal execution can no longer
proceed
• Aborted: After the rollback is performed from a failed
transaction
• Committed: After a successful completion
• Terminated: Either committed or aborted
REFERENCES

• Dheerjsadwarte.blogspot.com 11.9.2017
• http://www.tutorialspoint.com/dbms/dbms_data_recovery.htm
• Free data recovery software https://www.lifewire.com/free-data-recovery-software-tools-
2622893
• Recovery definition retrieved from www.technopedia.com