Professional Documents
Culture Documents
PSTI
Bangalore - 70
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1. Short title and commencement and
application
•These are CEA (Grid standards) Regulations, 2010
•They come into force on their publication in official
gazette I.e.June 26, 2010
•These shall apply to the entities, appropriate LDCs, and
RPCs.
2. Definitions
•Bulk consumer – means a consumer who avails supply at
voltages of 33 kV or above
•Entity - means a Generating company or a transmission
licensee or a distribution licensee or a bulk consumer
•Voltage Unbalance – Ration of the maximum voltage
deviation of the phase voltage from the average phase voltage
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to the average phase voltage
3. Standards for operation and maintenance of
transmission lines
a) Frequency Control
• All entities
• LDCs
• RPCs
Operating Range : 49.2 to 50.3 Hz or as per grid code
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b) Operating Voltage Limits
S.No. Normal system Maximum (kV Minimum (kV
Voltage (kV rms) rms) rms)
1 765 800 728
5 110 121 99
6 66 72 60
7 33 36 30
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c) Temporary over voltage range d) voltage unbalance limits
3 220 283 2
4 132 170 3
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f) Grid shall with stand one of the following
contingencies without loss of stability
• Outage of one single largest generating unit
• Outage of a 132 kV double circuit line
• Outage of a 220 kV double circuit line
• Outage of a 400 kV single circuit line
• Outage of a 400 kV single circuit line with series
compensation
• Outage of a 765 kV single circuit line without series
compensation
• Outage of one pole of HVDC Bipolar line
• Outage of one interconnecting transformer
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g) N-1 criteria for system stability- system shall be
stable for one of the following contingencies
• Tripping of single largest generating unit
• Transient SLG fault of a 765 kV line close to bus
• A SLG Fault on 400 kV line and isolation of the line
• A fault on one circuit of a 400 kV double circuit line in
operation
• A transient SLG fault in one of the 400 kV double circuit
line when the second circuit is already under outage
• A 3 ph fault in 220 kV or 132 kV line
• A fault in one pole of HVDC bipolar in a HVDC
Converter station
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h) Limits for harmonic distortion in Transmission
systems
S.No. System Voltage (kV rms) Total harmonic Individual
distortion (%) Harmonic of any
particular
frequency (%)
1 765 1.5 1.0
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4. Operations planning
• Regional Power Committee shall do the operation planning for good
frequency profile, voltage profile, line loading, grid incident, grid
disturbance, performance of protection schemes and protection
coordination
5. Maintenance planning
• The RPC shall do the maintenance planning for Gen
stations, ISTS
• Coordinate the annual maintenance plan for inter regional
transmission system
• Organise monthly operating committee meetings in the
region
• The SLDC shall do the above for intra-state constituents
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6. Coordination in operations
• No entity shall introduce or take out the element of the grid
without the concurrence of the appropriate LDC except in
case of risk of safety of plant and personnel in which case
it must intimate the appropriate LDC.
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7. Operating instructions
• Every generating company and transmission licensee shall
provide written operating instructions for each equipment and
operating procedure for sequence of operations of power
system equipment in their control room
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9. Under frequency relay settings
• All entities shall set their UF relays and DF/DT relays in
accordance with RPC plan to provide load relief for grid
security and ensure the operation of these relays at the set
frequencies.
• All entities shall include the Fr relay details in their daily report
and the RPC shall inspect the relays as and when required.
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12. Reporting of events affecting grid operation
• Any tripping of generating station or transmission element
shall be promptly reported by the respective entity to the
appropriate LDC in the prescribed format.
• The appropriate LDC shall intimate the SLDC and RLDC for
further dissemination to all concerned.
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15. Operational data during normal and grid
disturbance conditions
• All real time data as required by the appropriate LDC shall
be furnished by the entities.
• All data required by RPC, in discharge of the
responsibilities to it, shall be furnished by RLDC.
• All operational data, including disturbance recorder and
event logger reports, for analysing grid incidence /
disturbance shall be furnished by all entities to RLDC and
RPC.
• The RPC shall recommend remedial measures to be taken
on the disturbance report of RLDC to prevent recurrence .
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16. Operational data records
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21. Hot line methods
• The hot line techniques for maintenance of critical transmission lines
and sub-stations shall be adopted where ever possible
• Only trained staff shall be used for the hot line techniques and the
tools employed shall have necessary certification from a national or
international laboratory before use.
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24. Maintenance schedules
• Entities shall identify critical equipment and as far as possible, practice
condition based maintenance for such equipment in place of time
based maintenance.
• In case of time based maintenance, the periodicity of maintenance of
lines and SSs in polluted area or coastal area shall be more frequent.
• The maintenance of lines passing through and sub-stations located in
such areas should be completed before on set of winter so as to
minimise tripping under conditions of fog or due to salt deposit on
insulator discs in coastal areas and once before onset of summer.
• The maintenance work on various items of equipment may be
advanced depending on the condition of the equipment.
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25. Condition monitoring
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27. Failure analysis
• All failures of the equipment and tower collapse shall be
analyzed by the entity to avoid recurrence and a copy of the
report shall be submitted to the RPC and Authority
• The authority may appoint a group of experts for investigation
and analysis and the representatives of the manufacturers may
be invited to participate in such analysis.
• All data which may help the group of experts in analysing the
failures shall be furnished by the respective Entities.
• The recommendations of the group of experts shall be
submitted to the authority and the recommendations accepted
by the authority shall be implemented and circulated to all
within the organisation and to other organisations to prevent
recurrence of such failures.
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28. Inventory control and spare parts
management
• The required spare parts shall be kept in stock, to ensure
speedy maintenance of the equipment.
• Computerised materials management system shall be
developed by the entities to optimise inventory.
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30. Residual life assessment
• The RLA shall be carried out for all major equipment including
transformers, reactors, breakers, etc as envisaged by relevant
standards specified by the Bureau of Indian standards,
manufacturer’s instruction or industry best practices and
suitable remedial action for breach of the same shall be taken
by the management of the entity.
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