 Group member

 Baker akra
 Aya abdulla
 Takwa abdulbaset
 Aya husssien
 Farag hussien

 BLM3202
 Academic English

The scientific knowledge which s applied to practical ways in industry
for the benefit of human beings is called as technology.
The biological sciences have recently passed through more advanced
technologies in different spheres of life and activities.
One of those advanced technologies is the Bio-technology.
The applications of advances made in the techniques and
instrumentations in research in biological sciences are called as Bio-
technology.
Some people define bio-technology as the manipulation of organisms
to make products that benefit human beings.
 The pioneering achievement in the field of bio-
technology was the production of greater
genetic varieties of plants and animals through
the techniques of hybridization in 5000BC.
 This technique is being continuously used in
improved forms in our programs concerned with
food production.
 Norman E Borlaug, American agriculturist.
Received Nobel prize for the year 1970 for his
important contribution of increasing the world
food supply through different techniques like
hybridizaton
 Hybridization
 Is the technology or process of
crossing individuals of opposite
species
 In 1960,werner arberdiscovered
specific enzymes called as
restriction enzyme in bacteria.
 These enzymes can cut the DNA strand of an
organism at a precise point
 1973,stanely cohen and herbert boyer became
successful in removing a specific gene from a
bacterium and inserting it into another bacterium
by the application of the restriction enzyme
 Another major achievement in the field of bio-
technological development was the manipulation
of bacteria to produce Human protein
(1977).afterwards, the American molecular
biologist Lydia Villa-Komaroff
 Developed basic bio-technology for the
production of rat insulin with the help of
genetically engineered bacteria.by this
technology scientists became successful in
producing human insulin in 1978 and within
a period of 5 years the human insulin became
the first biopharmaceutical product in the
market to control Diabetes mellius.
 genetic engineering
The science of changing the pattern of development and
behavior of an organism by making alteration in its genes is
called Genetic engineering its important ;
Can be employed in increasing food production from plants and
animals, it is applied in the diagnosis of diseases and
improvements in the medical treatment .
 Synthesis of enzymes
The proteinaceous chemical substances that
accelerate biochemical reactions without any change
are called Enzymes
 These enzymes are used in various processes
like removal of stains ,softening of fabrics,
processing of meat and treatment of cancer
 Food and beverage industry
 Food products are produced by fermentation technology.
Some of them are wine ,yoghurt ,cheese ,bread etc.
 Besides this it helps in the production of different vitamins,
amino acids and vinegar
 Pharmaceutical
1. Production of human insulin from non human
sources
2. Production of hormones

3. Gene- therapy for prevention and control of

diseases
 Development of vaccines and antibodies

 Pollution control
 Natural tendency of microorganisms can be exploited through
bio-technology for solving the problem of wastes in the
environment by the activity of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
 Blood substitute
 Biotechnologists are trying to synthesize artificial blood
 Degradation of pesticides
 Different species of bacteria and fungi tend to degrade
pesticides
 Biotechnology provides the opportunity to
improve human and animal health, create a
safer and more sustained food supply and
generate prosperity.
 Any technology that offers benefits will
usually come with risks as well.in order to
make wise decisions about using a
technology, we must understand its
potential impacts well enough to decide
whether the risks are acceptably low.
 http://.ecosensorium.org/2010/04/a
pplications-of-biotechnology-in-
modren.html