DEVELOPING HELPING

RELATIONSHIP

Costrie Ganes Widayanti

Feb 25th, 2011

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COUNSELING THEORIES

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 Psychodynamic Approach
• Personal reflection

What are some ongoing personal struggles

that you have faced throughout your life?
What have you suffered previously that
influence your life today?

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 Psychodynamic Approach

• Understanding and acknowledging that most

emotional problems’ root in client’s childhood
• Understand thoughts influence behavior
• Using nondirective approach  encourage
client to express feeling and emotion

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 Humanistic Approach
• A strong belief in the power of client heal
themselves
• Create a relationship with clients that is warm,
caring, genuine, and engaging
• 3 facets in healing relationship (Moustakas,
1986):
– Being in  empathy
– Being for  support and encouragement
– Being with  influenced
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 Client-centered Based
• The helper’s role is to facilitate change by
structuring a climate that makes it possible
• The atmosphere needed: trust, caring, and
empathy
• Also important:
– Full and complete presence
– Openness and unconditional regard
– Authenticity, genuineness, transparency, and
warmth
– Focus on affect and feelings
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• Characteristics of client:
– strong urge in the direction of exploring himself
– value personal responsibility

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 Cognitive Approach
• Emotions result from cognitive processes
• Therapy is brief, focused, and time-limited
• Working as a team
• Clients are challenged to explore their
underlying beliefs
• Clients are expected to translate talk into
specific action

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 Characteristic of the Client
• Having average to above-average in intelligence.
• Having moderate to high levels of functional distress.
• Being able to identify thoughts and feelings.
• Not psychotic or disable by parent problems.
• Willing and able to complete systematic homework
assignments.
• Possessing a repertoire of behavioral skills and responses.
• Processing information on a visual and auditory level.

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 Behavioral Approach
• Primary learning comes from experience
• It’s action that counts
• Specific goals  concrete, observable, and
measurable
• Counselor is active during the session
• Role: as consultant, teacher, advisor,
supporter, and facilitator

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 Systemic Approach
• Circular causality  conflicts are always the
result of several parties and almost the result
of one scapegoat
• Rules of relationship

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How to Implement??

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TRUST
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 What to Expect in Genetic
Counseling Visit

Begin with question: what they hope to learn/accomplish during the

counseling session
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Gather as much information as possible: health concerns,
diagnoses, pregnancy loss among family members.
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 Risk Assessment

Discuss about the risk for various members of family and

future pregnancies

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 Decision Making

Providing discussion about whether genetic testing is

right for the paren/spouse or 23
Education and Information Giving

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Support and Counseling

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Now let’s practice using this case

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