Latihan Cuti Terancang Jun

2018

Read the slides and answer the questions

regarding
Meiosis

Biology Form 4
Chapter 5 Cell Division

Meiosis

Meiosis

Haploid gametes (n=23)

Ovum (n)

Sperm (n)

Human life cycle

ovary testis

Diploid zygote
(2n=46)

Adults (2n=46)

Occur in reproductive organs (gonad)

and produce four daughter cells
(gametes).
Biology Form 4
Chapter 5 Cell Division

Meiosis

Meiosis

Meiosis I Meiosis II

Biology Form 4
Chapter 5 Cell Division

Meiosis

The Stages of Meiosis I

Prophase I

Chromosomes

Chromatids Homologous
chromosomes

Centriole

Centromere
chiasma

Homologous chromosomes pair together in process

called synapsis.
Chiasmata – is where chromatids cross over.

At the end of prophase I, nucleolus and nuclear

membrane disappear.

Biology Form 4
Chapter 5 Cell Division

Meiosis

The Stages of Meiosis I

Metaphase I

Spindle fibre

Homologous chromosomes are lined up side by side as tetrads.

Centromere does not divide.

Biology Form 4
Chapter 5 Cell Division

Meiosis

The Stages of Meiosis I

Anaphase I

Homologous
chromosome

Homologous chromosomes are pulled to

opposite poles.
Only two chromosomes move towards each
pole.

Biology Form 4
Chapter 5 Cell Division

Meiosis

The Stages of Meiosis I

Telophase I

Nuclear
membrane

Spindle fibres disappear.

Each poles has a haploid daughter nucleus.

Cytokinesis is occurs resulting in two haploid
daughter cells.

Biology Form 4
Chapter 5 Cell Division

Meiosis

The Stages of Meiosis II

Prophase II

Spindle fibres reform in each daughter cell.

Biology Form 4
Chapter 5 Cell Division

Meiosis

The Stages of Meiosis II

Metaphase II

Metaphase plat /
Equator of cell

Sister chromatids are positioned randomly on

metaphase plate facing opposite poles.

Each sister chromatid is attached to spindle fibres.

Biology Form 4
Chapter 5 Cell Division

Meiosis

The Stages of Meiosis II

Anaphase II

Centromers of sister chromatid separate.

Chromosomes move towards opposite poles.

Biology Form 4
Chapter 5 Cell Division

Meiosis

The Stages of Meiosis II

Telophase II

Nucleoli and nucleus membranes reform.

Spindle fibres break down.

Cytokinesis follows and four haploid daughter
cells are formed.

Biology Form 4
Chapter 5 Cell Division

Meiosis

Meiosis

Chiasma

Chiasma where crossing over

takes place

Biology Form 4
Chapter 5 Cell Division

Meiosis

Comparison between Mitosis and Meiosis

Mitosis Meiosis

Place occur In somatic cells In reproductive organ

Number of division Parent cell divides once Parent cell divide twice

Number of daughter Produce two diploid Produce four haploid

cells daughter cells daughter cells

 Both processes start from diploid cells.

Similarities

 Both processes are division of cell and nucleus

Biology Form 4
The End
CENTRIOLES CENTRIOLES CENTRIOLES CENTRIOLES CENTRIOLES

BIVALENT BIVALENT BIVALENT NUCLEOLUS NUCLEOLUS

CHIASMA NUCLEAR NUCLEAR NUCLEOLUS NUCLEOLUS

MEMBRANE MEMBRANE

CHIASMA CHIASMA NUCLEAR NUCLEOLUS CENTROMERE

MEMBRANE
HOMOLOGOUS HOMOLOGOUS SISTER SISTER CENTROMERE
CHROMOSOMES CHROMOSOMES CHROMATIDS CHROMATIDS

HOMOLOGOUS HOMOLOGOUS SISTER SISTER CENTROMERE

CHROMOSOMES CHROMOSOMES CHROMATIDS CHROMATIDS

SPINDLE FIBRES SPINDLE FIBRES CHROMATIDS CHROMATIDS CENTROMERE

SPINDLE FIBRES SPINDLE FIBRES CHROMATIDS CHROMATIDS CENTROMERE