BY:

RISMA ADITYA METHA ANGGRARENI (093194004)

IKA FARIDA YULIANA (093194007)
LUTHFI FAZA AFINA RIZA WALIDA (093194016)
Alcohol is often used to refer to ethanol, also called
grain alcohol, and sometimes for beverages
containing alcohol. This is because of ethanol was
used as a basic ingredient in the drink instead of
methanol, or other alcohol groups
(or alkanol) is a general term for any organic
compounds that have hydroxyl (-OH) is bound to
carbon atoms, which he himself attached to hydrogen
atoms and / or other carbon atom.
Alcohol functional group is attached to the hydroxyl
group on carbon sp3 hybridization. There are three
main types of alcohol - 'primary', secondary, and
'tertiary'. These names refer to the amount of carbon
that is bound to carbon C-OH.
General chemical formula alcohol is CnH2n +1 OH '
 - Preservatives
Alcohol can also be used as preservative for animal
collection (small size) alcohol;
- Automotive
Alcohol can be used as an automotive fuel. Ethanol and
methanol can be made to burn cleaner compared to
gasoline or diesel. Alcohol can be used as an antifreeze in
the radiator. To increase the performance of internal
combustion engines, methanol can be injected into the
engine Turbocharger and supercharger. This will cool the
entry of air into the pipe entrance, providing a more solid
entry of air.
There are two ways to name the alcohol: the common
name and IUPAC name.
The common name is usually made by taking the
name of alkyl group, then add the word "alcohol". For
example, "methyl alcohol" or "ethyl alcohol".
IUPAC names are formed by taking the name of the
alkane chain, remove the last "e", and adds "ol". For
example, "methanol", and "ethanol".
• isopropyl alcohol (sec-propyl alcohol, propane-2-ol,
2-propanol) H3C-CH (OH)-CH3, or rubbing alcohol
• ethylene glycol (ethane-1 ,2-diol) HO-CH2-CH2-OH,
which is a major component in antifreeze
• glycerin (or glycerol, propane-1 ,2,3-triplet) of HO-
CH2-CH (OH)-CH2-OH bound in natural fats and
oils, ie triglycerides (triacylglycerol)
• Phenol is an alcohol hydroxyl group attached to the
benzene ring
Alcohol is widely used in industry and science as
reagents, solvents, and fuel
Ether is a compound containing a group R-O-R ',
where R = alkyl. One typical example is a solvent and
anesthetic diethyl ether (etoksietana, CH3-CH2-O-
CH2-CH3).
 Ether should not be equated with the following type of classes
that have a similar structure - ROR.
    * A kind of aromatics such as furans in which oxygen is a
party rather than an aromatic system.
    * Like where one rather than the carbon atoms adjacent to
oxygen is bound with oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur:
         - esters R-C (= O)-O-R
         -  Asetals R-CH (-O-R)-O-R
         - Aminals R-CH (-NH-R)-O-R
         - Anhidridas R-C (= O)-O-C (= O)-R
Ether can be separated completely from a mixture via
distillation whereby the boiling point of ether is 34.5 degrees
Celsius, and when evaporated without distillation, ether was
difficult to separate completely.
Form of the word "primary ether", "secondary ether",
and "ether tertiar (ranked third)" is the use of in
season and refers to the carbon atom adjacent to the
ether oxygen. In a primary ether this carbon-carbon
linked to the other just like in diethyl ether CH3-O-
CH2-CH3-CH2. One example of a secondary one is
diisopropil ether ether (CH3) 2CH-O-CH (CH3) 2 and
examples are in the ether tertiar-tert-butyl ether
(CH3) 3C-OC (CH3) 3.
    1. Combustion

Ether flammable gases to form carbon dioxide and water vapor.

Example:
   2. Reaction with Active Metals
Unlike alcohol, ether does not react with sodium metal (active
metal).
   3. Reaction with PCl5
Ether reacts with PCl5, but does not liberate HCl.
  
   4. Reaction with Hydrogen Halides (HX)

Ether decomposed by acid halides, especially by HI. If

the acid halide is limited:

If excessive acid halides:

  
Alcohol and ether can be differentiated based on ITS
REACTION with sodium metal and phosphorus
pentachloride.

    * Alcohol reacts with sodium metal to free

hydrogen, while the ether does not react.
    * PCl5 produce alcohol reacts with HCl gas, while
the ether is reacted but did not produce HCl.