Security Level:

MOS

ISSUE1.0
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 What is MOS?
In multimedia (audio, voice telephony, or video)
especially when codecs are used to compress the
bandwidth requirement, the Mean Opinion Score
(MOS) provides a numerical indication of the
perceived quality of received media after compression
and/or transmission.
The MOS is expressed as a single number in the
range 1 to 5, where 1 is lowest perceived quality, and
5 is the highest perceived quality.
MOS tests for voice are specified by ITU-T
recommendation P.800

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 Mean Opinion Score (MOS)

MOS Quality Impairment

5 Excellent Imperceptible

4 Good Perceptible but not annoying

3 Fair Slightly annoying

2 Poor Annoying

1 Bad Very annoying

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 Mean Opinion Score (MOS)
The MOS is the arithmetic mean of all the individual scores, and
can range from 1 (worst) to 5 (best).

Compressor/decompressor (codec) systems and digital signal

processing (DSP) are commonly used in voice communications,
and can be configured to conserve bandwidth, but there is a
trade-off between voice quality and bandwidth conservation. The
best codecs provide the most bandwidth conservation while
producing the least degradation of voice quality. Bandwidth can
be measured quantitatively, but voice quality requires human
interpretation, although estimates of voice quality can be made by
automatic test systems.

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 Mean Opinion Score (MOS)

As an example, the following are Mean Opinion Scores for implementation of different codecs:

Codec Data rate Mean Opinion Score (MOS)

[kbits/s]
G.711(ISDN) 64 4.3

AMR 12.2 4.14

G.729 8 3.92

GSM EFR 12.2 3.8

GSM FR 12.2 3.5

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 Mean Opinion Score (MOS)
Can You Hear the Difference?

A typical fixed-line network which most people have in their homes has an
average MOS of 4.3 and GSM networks average a MOS of between 2.9 and
4.1. If voice quality were to drop by 1 MOS during a call, the average user
would clearly hear the difference. A drop of half a MOS is audible whereas a
quarter of a MOS is just noticeable.

The following table gives examples of comparative MOS scores for G.729 under different conditions:

Conditions MOS

Average speech 3.92

Low input level 3.54

5% bit error rate 3.24

5% frame error rate 3.02

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 Mean Opinion Score (MOS)
HLR/
AC/
EIR

TC MSC/VLR
Um
Abis BSC A
BTS

Radio interface Transmission Transcoder

•RxQual •OMC alarms check •OMC alarms check

•FER
•AMR Codecs

Can be optimize by RNO: Can't be optimize by RNO: Can't be optimize by RNO:

•BSS database check

•Frequency plan check

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 Mean Opinion Score (MOS)

In fact MOS is giving general overview about the

speech quality over the main network interfaces. As
there are not MOS specific parameters we will focus
on Um interface where RxQual, FER, AMR, HO can
be optimize to achieve the max MOS value.

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 谢谢
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