Power Sharing Class X

Power Sharing
Created and presented by: Nasiruddin Resilient Academy: BN-11, Shakti Tower- Samarth park society, Ph.: +919724762663
Mirza Adajan Char Rasta, Adajan, Surat.
Meaning Of Power Sharing
❑ Power Sharing is a technique to
share the responsibilities and
authorities at different levels.
❑ It is an idea inculcated in
democracy so that the power is
not concentrated at one hand
only and that different forms
can keep a check on each other.
❑ India is an example of ‘holding together’ federations,
where the power is shared between central
government and different constituent states.
Created and presented by: Resilient Academy: BN-11, Shakti Tower- Samarth park
Nasiruddin Mirza society, Adajan Char Rasta, Adajan, Surat.
Ph.: +919724762663
Power Sharing in Belgium
Flemish Region
59% of people Brussels
speak Dutch Capital.
80 % people
speak French
while 5% are
Dutch speaking
German-
speaking
1%
Ph.: +919724762663
Challenge
❑Belgium is a small country in Europe, smaller in area than
the state of Haryana. It has borders with France, the
Netherlands, Germany and Luxembourg.
❑The ETHNIC composition of this small country is very
complex.
❑The minority French-speaking community was relatively
rich and powerful.
❑ Dutch-speaking community got benefits of economic
development and education much later.
❑the Dutch-speaking people constituted a majority in the
country, but a minority in the capital.
❑This led to tensions between the Dutch-speaking and
French-speaking communities
Ph.: +919724762663
Challenge
❑Belgium is a small country in Europe, smaller in area than
the state of Haryana. It has borders with France, the
Netherlands, Germany and Luxembourg.
❑The ETHNIC composition of this small country is very
complex.
❑The minority French-speaking community was relatively
rich and powerful.
❑ Dutch-speaking community got benefits of economic
development and education much later.
❑the Dutch-speaking people constituted a majority in the
country, but a minority in the capital.
❑This led to tensions between the Dutch-speaking and
French-speaking
Ethnic: A social division communities
based on shared culture. People belonging to the same
ethnic group believe in their common descent because of similarities of physical
type or of culture or both. They need not always have the same religion or
nationality.
Ph.: +919724762663
Power Accommodation
❑Constitution prescribes that the number of Dutch and French-
speaking ministers shall be equal in the central government.
Thus, no single community can make decisions unilaterally.
❑Some special laws require the support of majority of
members from each linguistic group.
❑Many powers of the central government have been given to
state governments of the two regions of the country.
❑Brussels has a separate government in which both the
communities (French and Dutch) have equal representation.
❑A ‘community government’ exists. It is elected by people
belonging to one language community. This government
engages with the cultural, educational and language related
issues.
❑This kind of governance has prevented a civil strife between
the two different linguistic communities.
Ph.: +919724762663
Power Sharing in Sri-Lanka
Majoritarianism: A belief that the

majority community should be able to
rule a country in whichever way it Sinhalese
Sr.Lankan Tamil
wants, by disregarding the wishes and Indian Tamil

Muslims
needs of the minority

•After independence in 1948, Sri Lanka
adopted a series of majoritarian measures
to establish Sinhalese supremacy over the
Tamils
•In 1956, an Act was passed to recognize
Sinhala as the only official language
•Sinhala speakers were preferred both for
university positions and Govt. jobs.
Ph.: +919724762663
❑ Minorites specially Sri Lankan Tamil felt alienated
❑ That raised conflict between local community
❑ Sri Lankan Tamils launched parties and struggles for the
recognition of Tamil as an official language, for regional
autonomy and equality of opportunity in securing education
and jobs
❑ Started demanding Separate Nation
Ph.: +919724762663
It soon turned into a CIVIL WAR.

❑ thousands of people of both the communities have been
killed.
❑ Many families were forced to leave the country as refugees
and many more lost their livelihoods.
❑ the civil war has caused a terrible setback to the social,
cultural and economic life of the country.
Ph.: +919724762663
Why power Sharing Desirable?
Power
Sharing
Prudential Reasons Moral Reasons
Power sharing is good because it helps Power sharing is the very spirit of
to reduce the possibility of conflict democracy. A democratic rule involves
between social groups. Since social sharing power with those affected by its
conflict often leads to violence and exercise, and who have to live with its
political instability, power sharing is a effects. People have a right to be
good way to ensure the stability of consulted on how they are to be
political order. Imposing will of majority governed. A legitimate government is
looks attractive option but in long run it one where citizens, through
will undermines Unity of the nation participation, acquire a stake in the
system.
Ph.: +919724762663
Forms of Power Sharing
• Power is shared among different organs of

government, such as the legislature, executive
and judiciary.
Horizontal • It allows different organs of gov. placed at the
Distribution same level to exercise different powers
• none of the organs can exercise unlimited power.
• A system of checks and balances.
• Power can be shared among gov. at different

levels –
• A general gov for the entire country and gov. at
Vertical the provincial or regional level.
Distribution • usually called federal government
• In India it is called Union or Central gov.
• Federal Division of power b/w Central gov and
State Gov
Ph.: +919724762663
Forms of Power Sharing
• Power may also be shared among different social groups

Community • ‘reserved constituencies’ in assemblies and the
parliament
Gov • This method is used to
• give minority communities a fair share in power.
• the way political parties, pressure groups and movements

Power sharing control or influence those in power
• Competition among different parties to ensures that
among power does not remain in one hand
different • COALITION Gov.
political group • Social groups bringing influence on the decision-making
process.
Coalition Government: In a democratic country, if no parties wins

absolute majority to form government then two or more parties form
combine government with representative from all the parties such a
gov is called Coalition Gov.
Ph.: +919724762663

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Power Sharing

Majoritarianism: A belief that the

wants, by disregarding the wishes and Indian Tamil

needs of the minority

It soon turned into a CIVIL WAR.

• Power is shared among different organs of

• Power can be shared among gov. at different

• Power may also be shared among different social groups

• the way political parties, pressure groups and movements

Coalition Government: In a democratic country, if no parties wins

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