MEASUREMENT OF FLOW FLUIDS

GROUP NO. 5

Mones, Josh Don Michael Kim D.

Berganio, Rone Lemuel D.C.
Gozar, Geri Franco Q.
Navigar, Gwen Mathew C.
PITOT TUBE
PITOT TUBES ARE USED IN A VARIETY OF
APPLICATIONS FOR MEASURING FLUID
VELOCITY. THIS IS A CONVENIENT,
INEXPENSIVE METHOD FOR MEASURING
VELOCITY AT A POINT IN A FLOWING
FLUID.
PITOT TUBE

Pstag = P + ½ ρV2
V = (2ΔP/ρ)1/2
ΔP = Pstag – P
ORIFICE
ORIFICE
THE THREE ORIFICE COEFFICIENTS
COEFFICIENT OF VELOCITY
COEFFICIENT OF CONTRACTION
COEFFICIENT OF DISCHARGE
COEFFICIENT OF VELOCITY
 Cv
Va = CvVt
Va = Cv
H =h+ +
Cv = 0.98
COEFFICIENT OF CONTRACTION
Cc =
a = CcAo
Cc = 0.62
COEFFICIENT OF DISCHARGE
Q

t = AoVt C = CcCv
Q t = Ao Qa = CAo
Qa = aVa
Qa = CcAo(Cv )
C=
C=
LOST HEAD OF AN
ORIFICE
LOST HEAD

  

 If the average value of =0.98

WEIR, THEORETICAL
WEIR FORMULA
BERGANIO, RONE LEMUEL
WEIR

 ARE STRUCTURES CONSISTING OF AN OBSTRUCTION SUCH AS A DAM OR A

BULKHEAD PLACED ACROSS THE OPEN CHANNEL WITH A SPECIALLY SHAPED
OPENING OR NOTCH.
THEORETICAL WEIR FORULA

  

Where
 Q= flow rate ()
 h= elevation head on the weir (m)
 b= width of the weir (m)
 g= gravity (m/
 = discharge constant for the weir
Francis Formula
and Bazin
Formula
Francis Formula
• An equation for the
calculation of water flow rate
over a rectangular weir in
terms of length and head.
Q = 3.33 (b - 0.2 h) h 3/2  
• Q – Flow Rate
• b – Width
• h – Head of the Water
Bazin Formula
• Bazin formula is used to
determine the average
velocity of the fluid. It is
normally used in open
channel flow system.
• C – Coefficient of Chezy
• K – Coefficient of Roughness
• R – Radius

• Q – Flow of discharge
• m– Coefficient of Bazin
• g – Acceleration due to gravity
• B – Width
• H – Head
• Ha – Additional head
• TRIANGULAR AND
TRAPEZOIDAL WEIR
FORMULA
• DAMS USED AS WEIR
• WEIR

• A weir or low head dam is a barrier across

the horizontal width of a river that alters the
flow characteristics of water and usually
results in a change in the height of the river
level. There are many designs of weir, but
commonly water flows freely over the top of
the weir crest before cascading down to a
lower level.
• a low dam built across a river to raise the
level of water upstream or regulate its flow.
• TRIANGULAR AND TRAPEZOIDAL
WEIR
TRIANGULAR WEIR FORMULA
TRAPEZOIDAL WEIR FORMULA
DAMS USED AS WEIRS

• All weirs are dams, but most dams are not

weirs. The principal purpose of a weir is to
create a stable structure to allow hydrologic
measurement. Weirs create a small reservoir
and the water flows over the weir in all cases.
These can be with a spillway, a V-notch, or
multiple spillway structures to accommodate
a variety of flow levels.
THANK YOU!