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507
PARTICULATE
TECHNONOLOGY
Serj Abalos
SIZE
REDUCTION
SIZE REDUCTION
Unit operation that converts
larged size particles into
smaller ones
How to reduce particle size?
COMPRESSION
ATTRITION
IMPACT
CUTTING
COMMINUTION
• Generic term for size reduction
• Comminuting equipment: Crushers & grinders
CRITERIA:
1. Large capacity
2. Small power input per unit of product
3. Yields a product of single size or the desired size distribution
COMPRESSION
“Size can be reduced
by exerting pressure to
the particle in between
two materials”
Coarse reduction of hard
solids.
ROLLER MILL
IMPACT
“materials will
crush, shatter, or
pulverize upon
impact”
Gives coarse, medium or fine
products for hard, heavy and/or
abrasive materials such as glass,
stone, metals and aggregates.
HAMMER MILL
ATTRITION “sizes of materials
can be reduced by
rubbing or
through friction ”
Ideal for producing very fine
products of considerably
same size. Generally used for
soft, non-abrasive materials.
DOUBLE-DISC GRINDER
CUTTING “materials can be
cut to an ideal size
and shape by taking
advantage of shear
deformation”
*
PARTICLE SIZE
AVERAGING METHODS
For a mixture of non-uniform particle diameter,
• Volume Surface Mean Diameter:
OR
PARTICLE SIZE
AVERAGING METHODS
For a mixture of non-uniform particle diameter,
• Arithmetic Mean Diameter:
v
EQPT.
POWER
REQUIRMENT
POWER REQUIREMENT
𝑃𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑃
𝑊𝑜𝑟𝑘 = =
𝐹𝑒𝑒𝑑 𝑅𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑚ሶ
Work is proportional to the new surface area created:
𝑃
𝑑 ∞𝐴𝑤 𝑛 (−𝑑𝐷𝑠)
𝑚ሶ
∞
𝑛
𝑃 6 𝑑𝐷𝑠
𝑑 = −k
𝑚ሶ Φs𝜌𝑝 𝐷𝑠 𝑛
POWER REQUIREMENT
a. RITTINGER’S LAW
• n=2
2
𝑃 6 𝑑 𝐷ഥ𝑠
න𝑑 = −k න
Φs𝜌𝑝 𝐷ഥ𝑠 2
𝑚ሶ
POWER REQUIREMENT
a. RITTINGER’S LAW
• Therefore:
POWER REQUIREMENT
b. KICK’s LAW
• n=1
1
𝑃 6 𝑑 𝐷ഥ𝑠
න𝑑 = −k න
Φs𝜌𝑝
𝑚ሶ 𝐷ഥ𝑠
POWER REQUIREMENT
b. KICK’s LAW
• Therefore:
POWER REQUIREMENT
c. BOND’s LAW
• n = 3/2 3ൗ
6 𝑃 2 𝑑 𝐷ഥ𝑠
න𝑑 = −k න
𝑚ሶ Φs𝜌𝑝 𝐷ഥ𝑠 3 Τ 2
Dpb is the equivalent size of the mesh wherein 80% of the feed passed through it
PROBLEM
Bauxite is crushed in a jaw crusher and the average size of the particle
is reduced from 5 cm to the 1st crusing DSA table, with consumption of
energy at a rate of 37 Wh/ton. What will be the consumption of energy
necessary to crush the same material from the 1st crushing DSA to the
secong crushing DSA. The efficiency remains the same.
a. Using Rittinger
b. Using Kicks
c. Using Bond
MESH 𝑫𝒑, 𝒎𝒎 After 1st After 2nd
Crushing Crushing
20/28 0.2945 7.07 0
28/35 0.503 16.6 0
35/48 0.356 14.02 0
48/65 0.2515 11.82 2.32
65/100 0.1775 9.07 14.32
100/150 0.1255 7.62 13.34
150/200 0.089 33.8 70.02