Number Systems

Presented by:
Sunpreet Kaur Nanda
 Objectives
1.Understand the concept of number systems.
2.To describe the decimal, binary, OCTAL and
HEXADECIMAL system.
3.Conversion between number systems.
4.To describe BCD, gray-code and excess-3
representations.
5.To study 1’s and 2’s complement of a number.
6.To evaluate subtraction using complements.
7.Conversion of binary to gray codes and vice-versa.
8. Alpha numeric codes.
 Introduction
• A number system is a collection of symbols.
• Each symbol is a function of some type of system and
its position.
• Number system is positional.
(Sn-1 Sn-2 ….. S2 S1 S0 . S-1 S-2 S-3 ….. S-m)b

Integer Part Fractional Part

Radix Point Radix or Base

 The Decimal Number
System
• In this system the base b = 10 and we use ten
symbols/ digits
s={0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}
• Example:-
(1275)10
(1275.25)10
The Binary Number System

• In this system the base b = 2 and we use only two

symbols
S ={1,0} … referred to as Binary numbers
• Example:
(110011010)2
(11001.1010)2
The Hexadecimal Number
System
• In this system the base b = 16 and we use sixteen
symbols to represent a number. The set of symbols
is
S={0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,B,C,D,E,F}
• Note that the symbols A, B, C, D, E, F are
equivalent to 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, and 15 respectively.
• Example:
(24AC)16
(2F1.51D)16
The Octal Number System

• In this system the base b = 8 and we use eight

symbols to represent a number. The set of
symbols is
S={0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7}
• Example:
(576)8
(176.217)8
 Number
System

Decimal Binary Hexadecimal Octal

Counting using Used by Radar

fingers systems
Used by Used to shorten
Computers Binary Numbers