Francis Turbine

Presenter’s Group Name

Group C
Head :
Anees Ur Rehman
147-FET/BSCE/F17
 Agenda
 To Provide Basic Concept about Francis Turbine
What is a Turbine?

A machine for producing continuous power in which a wheel or rotor, typically fitted
with vanes, is made to revolve by a fast-moving flow of water, steam, gas, air, or other
fluid.
Types Based On Energy Used

 Impulse Turbine

Only Kinetic Energy of Water is used to drive turbine.

 Reaction Turbine

Kinetic Energy as well as Potential energy is used

to drive turbine. i.e Francis Turbine
Parts of Francis Turbine

 Spiral Casing
 Guide Vanes
 Runner Blades
 Draft Tube
Mechanism
 Mechanism
 This is a reaction turbine which works because of inward flow of water. The most important portion
of this turbine is its runner which contains large number closely attached complex shaped blades

 When water hit the blades radially it exerts pressure on both sides of the blades but due to the
curve on the blade the force on one side of the blades remains higher than the force of other side
of the blade.
 Mechanism

 When water leave the blade axially it generate the impulse force due to the
slightly outward shape of the blades at the bottom (bucket shaped end)
 Mechanism

 The area spiral casing is not uniform. It is due to the fact that the speed of
water decreases gradually and decreasing area of the spiral case can keep
the speed of water uniform
Advantages

 It is mostly used turbine all over the world as its efficiency

is greater than all other turbines.

 There is an effective use of water pressure and velocity

Disadvantages

 Its cost is very high

 Its operation is simple but the design is very complex

http://www.learnengineering.org/2014/01/how-does-
francis-turbine-work.htm

https://www.turbinesinfo.com/what-is-francis-turbine-
how-francis-turbine-works/