TEKTONIK INDONESIA :

Suatu Pendekatan

Oleh:
C.PRASETYADI
Jur. T. Geologi – UPN VY
(email: cprasetyadi@yahoo.com)
Present Day Tectonic of Indonesia
 Dasar-dasar pendekatan

1. Teori TEKTONIK LEMPENG

2. Basement: Komposisi &
Konfigurasi (‘boundary’)
3. Polyhistory (polyphase)
4. Tektonostratigrafi
 Dasar-dasar pendekatan

1. Teori TEKTONIK LEMPENG

2. Basement: Komposisi &
Konfigurasi (‘boundary’)
3. Polyhistory (polyphase)
4. Tektonostratigrafi
TEKTONIK LEMPENG & PEMBENTUKAN CEKUNGAN SEDIMEN
PLATE TECTONICS MOVEMENT IN
INDONESIA involves:
• Convergence,
(subduction,
obduction &
collision).
• Divergence (rifting,
break-up and
subsequent
seafloor spreading).
• Transvergence
(wrench faulting);
involving
translatation and
rotation.
 Dasar-dasar pendekatan

1. Teori TEKTONIK LEMPENG

2. Basement: Komposisi &
Konfigurasi (‘boundary’)
3. Polyhistory (polyphase)
4. Tektonostratigrafi
DISTRIBUSI JENIS KERAK
Indonesia Position in Global Plate-Tectonics

• The pacific
oceanic plate in
the E & NE
• The Australian
continental
plate in the SE
• The Indian
oceanic plate in
the W&SW
• The Asian
continental
plate in the NW
 TECTONIC REGION:
principal tectonic domain

• WESTERN
INDONESIA: STABLE
SUNDA CONTINENT
• CENTRAL
INDONESIA: MICRO-
CONTINENTS AND
OCEANIC BASINS
• EAST INDONESIA:
STABLE
SAHUL/AUSTRALIAN
CONTINENT
KERANGKA TEKTONIK

BPMIGAS-LAPI ITB (2008)

PLATE BOUNDARIES
• ACTIVE MARGINS
– SUBDUCTION ZONES
– OBDUCTION ZONES
– TRANSDUCTION
ZONES (Sorong Fault
zone)
• PASSIVE MARGINS
(Eastern Kalimantan)
– Delta Basin
– Carbonate
Platform
• COLLISION ZONES &
OROGENIC BELTS
(Papua & Sulawesi)
 Dasar-dasar pendekatan

1. Teori TEKTONIK LEMPENG

2. Basement: Komposisi &
Konfigurasi (‘boundary’)
3. Polyhistory (polyphase)
4. Tektonostratigrafi
 Dasar-dasar pendekatan

1. Teori TEKTONIK LEMPENG

2. Basement: Komposisi &
Konfigurasi (‘boundary’)
3. Polyhistory (polyphase)
4. Tektonostratigrafi
 BASIN EVOLUTION
• Sedimentary basins evolved from
one to another type
• Superimposition of various type of
basin
• Sedimentary sequences of various
types of basin can be analyzed in
tectono-stratigraphic sequences
 EXTENSIONAL BASIN DEVELOPMENT

• Rifting  grabens, half graben basins synrift

sedimentation
• Break-up aulacogene basins deltaic
sedimentation
• Drifting passive margin basins passive
margin sedimentation
• Spreading (oceanic) oceanic basins deep
marine sedimentation
EVOLUTION OF RIFT – TO –PASSIVE MARGIN BASIN
RIFT-DRIFT
 PASSIVE MARGIN BASIN
developing into a
CARBONATE PLATFORM

Contoh: Indonesia Timur –Australian continental margin

 EXTENSIONAL TO
COMPRESSIONAL REGIME

• Drifting passive margin basin

sedimentation
• Subduction  back-arc, intra-arc and
fore-arc basins
• Obduction foreland basins & fore deeps
• Continent to continent collision Suture
related foreland and fore deep basins
EVOLUTION OF PASSIVE MARGIN BASIN:
Extensional to compressional
TECTONIC INVERSION
 TECTONIC INVERSION

• During the transition from extensional to

compressional tectonic regime a tectonic
inversion often takes place
• Faults are reactivated with inversion of direction
of movement
• Lower parts of the basin e.g. ‘graben’ are
inverted into highs within the sedimentary basin
• Inversion is a common feature in Tertiary
sedimentary basin on the Sunda Shelf
TECTONIC INVERSION
TECTONIC INVERSION

Meirita 2003
TECTONIC INVERSION Hall & Morley, 2004
 TECTONO-STRATIGRAPHY

• To arrange sedimentary strata in its tectonic

environment
• Tectono-stratigraphic sequences are separated by
unconformities which reflects a tectonic event
• The tectonics event caused a change in the
tectonic environment are e.g. rifting, sagging,
collision, uplift, dsb.
• Each tectonic environment is characterized by a
certain facies association
 TECTONOSTRATIGRAPHIC TERMS

• Pre-Rift
• Syn-Rift
• Post-Rift, Sag
• Passive Margin Deposition (Syn-drift?)
• Pre-Orogenic (Pre-Collision)
• Syn-Orogenic (Syn-Collision)
• Post Orogenic (Post Collision)
 EVOLUTION OF
?
? BASINS RIFT –
TO-
BACK-ARC BASIN

(Koesoemadinata, 2008)
Generalized Stratigraphy : SOUTHERN MOUNTAIN

Prasetyadi & Indranadi (2008)

Tektonostratigrafi Jawa bagian timur mencakup daerah Karangsambung,
Nanggulan, Bayat, dan Cekungan jawa Timur

(modifikasi dari Prasetyadi, 2007)

 EVOLUTION OF
?
? BASINS RIFT –
TO-
BACK-ARC BASIN

(Koesoemadinata, 2008)
EVOLUTION
OF BASINS:
FROM RIFT –
TO –
FORELAND
BASIN
RIFT-DRIFT-COLLIDE

(Koesoemadinata, 2008)
No evidence for subduction beneath North New Guinea in Miocene

Charlton, 2000
Puncak Jaya Wijaya (Papua)
(Sapiie, 2006)
EVOLUTION
OF BASINS:
FROM RIFT –
TO –
FORELAND
BASIN
RIFT-DRIFT-COLLIDE

(Koesoemadinata, 2008)
W Indonesia Paleogene Rift-Basins

(Koesoemadinata, 2008)
W Indonesia Neogene Sedimentary Basins

(Koesoemadinata, 2008)
W-Indonesia Tertiary Stratigraphy

(Koesoemadinata, 2008)
(Doust & Noble 2008)
(Doust & Noble 2008)
Stages, background tectonics & geodynamic events of Indonesian Basins

(Doust & Noble 2008)

Four stages of tectonostratigraphic evolution
1. Early Synrift (Eocene to Oligocene)—period of rift graben formation and the following period of
maximum subsidence. Deposition is limited to early-formed half-grabens.
2. Late Synrift (Late Oligocene to Early Miocene)—period of waning subsidence in the graben, when
individual rift elements amalgamated to form extensive lowlands that filled with paralic sediments.
3. Early Postrift (Early to Middle Miocene)—period of tectonic quiescence following marine
transgression that covered the existing graben–horst topography.
4. Late Postrift (Middle Miocene to Pliocene)—periods of inversion and folding, during which
regressive deltas were formed.
TECTONIC MODEL
Hall 2009
ACCRETIONARY
OROGEN

Hall 2009
Hall 2009
Hall et al., 2009
PRE-TERTIARY TECTONIC EVOLUTION Hall et al., 2009
TERTIARY TECTONIC EVOLUTION Hall et al., 2009
ENERGY RESOURCES MAP OF INDONESIA (IAGI, 1985)
 PETA CEKUNGAN

BPMIGAS-LAPI ITB (2008)

• 83 BASINS
• 23 NEWLY RECOGNIZED BASINS
EARTHQUAKE & VOLCANIC COUNTRY !!!
Krakatoa Eruption