(December 10,1941 – September 21,1945)

THE FORMATION OF THE PHIL.

EXECUTIVE COMMISSION
 JORGE VARGAS was designated by the Japanese
High Command as the chairman of this temporary
government. (Consisted of six departments under the
leadership of a Filipino Commissioner)

Interior -------------------------------------------Benigno S. Aquino

Finance -------------------------------------------Antonio de las Alas
Justice --------------------------------------------Jose P. Laurel
Agriculture & Commerce -------------------Rafael Alunan
Education, health & Public Welfare -----Claro M. Recto
Public works & Communication ---------Quintin Paredes
A. POLITICAL CONDITION
 Hideki Tojo, the premier of Japan, announced the
establishments of the Republic of the Philippines,
because of the cooperation of the Filipinos with
the Japanese government.
 Jose P. Laurel was appointed as the president of
2nd Republic.
 This government was considered PUPPET
because the government just followed the order
from Japanese (only ruled by Japanese soldiers)
 Manuel L. Quezon exiled to New York who led
the Common Wealth government.
B. EDUCATIONAL CONDITION

1. The Japanese government in the Philippines

issued a military Order No.2 which contains the ff:
 Propagate the Filipino Culture.

 Promotion of love labor

 To create a positive point of views towards the

Japanese
 The teaching of Niponggo

 The diffusion of vocational and elementary

education
 Teaching of the implementation of Greater East
Co. Prosperity Sphere.
B. EDUCATIONAL CONDITION
2. The Japanese tried to remove the influence of
the American in the minds of Filipinos so they
prohibited the use of English and declared Filipino
as the official language in the country.
3. The schools and universities were open however
the students were afraid to go to schools because of
the attitudes that they heard against the Japanese.
C. ECONOMIC CONDITION
 The destruction brought by the war resulted to
the decrease of the products that les to the rapid
inflation and devaluation.
 Some of the Japanese also confiscated the goods
of the Filipinos and agriculture was also affected
by the war and the fear existing in the society.
 The supplies of the products decreased so the
prices of the commodities went up, inflation and
devaluation led to the existence of the Mickey
mouse money or the Japanese money which
because of inflation did not have value/worthless.
 The buy and sell emerged as the number one job of
the Filipinos because even if the people had money,
they experienced a hard time looking for a product to
buy so there were people who brought certain
products and sold it again for a higher price.
 Kangkong become popular for the Filipinos because it
was easy to plant and to harvest.
 The scarcity of rice also led to the consumption of
“sisid rice” or the rice that they got from the ship
which sunk underwater because of the war.
 BIBA (Bigasang bayan)
 Cars, trucks and other means of transportation were
confiscated by the Japanese.
 The price of cigarettes are also expensive.
 Substitution of foods ( coffee-uncooked rice, mango
leaves-tea)
D. SOCIAL CONDITION
 The atmosphere was in constant fear, the Filipinos
prefer to stay in the mountain of forest.
 They also dug underground base enough in store food
and place to sleep incase the Japanese soldiers is
nearby.
 KEMPEITAI / JAPANESE SOLDIERS
- Ordered to discipline Filipino citizens. They tend to
abuse Filipino by torture, specially women who does not
give in to their demand.
 Radio Tasio
- Used to let the Filipinos dance to a Japanese jingle
choreography. This is to show obedience to the Japanese
rule.
There is no peace of minds for Filipinos.
 HUKBALAHAP (Hukbong Bayan Laban sa mga
Hapones)
- was established to help themselves against the
abuse of the Japanese soldiers.
- Luis Taruc
 MAKAPILI

 COMFORT WOMEN
 HUKBAHALAP
- Group established by Filipino to fight Japanese
soldiers.

E. RELIGION
 Buddhism