BIOTECHNOLOGY

BIOREMEDIATION
AND
BIODEGRADATION
By,
R.HARISH KUMAR

JAYA COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCE

THIRUNINRAVUR.
 Strategies for clean
environment

bioremediation biodegradation
Bioremediation
• Bioremediation is a process of removing or degrading the toxic
pollutant from the environment by using microorganism .

• commonly used micro organisms are,

Pseudomonas,Flavobacterium,Arthrobacter, and Azotobacter

• Bioremediation focuses on different sources they are called as

different names.
plant------------- phytoremediation
fungi------------- mycoremediation

Biodegradation
•Degradation or Transformation of a substance into new
compounds through biochemical reactions or the actions of
microorganisms such as bacteria.
 BIODEGRADATION
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITION
Examples :
Psychrophiles----- Arthrobactersp., Psychrobacter sp., Pseudomonas
Mesophiles--------E-coli bacteria, Staphyloccus aureus, Proteus vulgaris
Thermophiles-----Thermus aquaticus ,Thermococcus litoralis.
 BIOREMEDIATION
In-situ Ex-situ
 Recent approaches
bioremediation
 Earth warms can degrade heavy metals
 Bacteria from the deep:
Brachybacterium spMn32
 Nemesis for oil spills

Oleophillic bacteria
 GMOs
Genetically modified
organism
 GMOs
Genetically modified
organism
The genetically engineered micro organism (GEMs)enhance the
ability of degrading the contaminants. It is also said to be as a
“bioaugmentation”
Construction of superbug
The bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans(the most radioresistant organism
known) has been modified to consume and digest toluene and ionic mercury
from highly radioactive nuclear waste.

Strains of Deinococcus radiodurans

 GMOs Xenobiotics
Pseudomonas diminuta parathion

P. olevorans Alkane

P. cepacia 2, 4, 5-Trichlorophenol

P. putida Mono-/dichloroaromatic
compounds

Alcaligenes sp 2, 4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid

Acinetobacter sp 4- chlorobenzene