Travel Demand Management

David A. King
Arizona State University
 Transportation Demand Management

• Policies to reduce automobility and

balance multiple modes
• “Carrots” and “Sticks” to change travel
behavior
• Greater focus on efficient use of existing
infrastructure than expansion of new
infrastructure
 Matching Goals to Time Frame

TDM may focus on short term results

(mitigation)
• Auto restrictions to clean air
Long term congestion management
• Road pricing or land use development
 Who Makes TDM Policy?

TDM implementation will vary by region

• Employer-based services
• Use of road toll revenue
• Roll of regional transit provider
• Land use regulations
Transportation Management
 Changes in Trip Type

TDM is commonly thought of

as a commuting strategy:
• Commuting is declining as
a share of total travel in
many cities
• TDM policies must be
careful not to “destroy”
economically beneficial
trips
 Parking is Critical

Ample parking makes driving cheap

and easy
 Encourage shared parking
 Eliminate parking requirements
 Offer parking cash out to
employees
 Promote redevelopment of
parking lots
 Key Takeaways for Practice
 Policies that raise the price of driving
are most effective
 As long as driving is cheap, cities will
struggle to reduce automobility
 TDM policies must be considered with
the local context