VERNIER CALIPERS

MEASUREMENTS AND ZERO ERROR

 Vernier Calipers

 Introduction:
 This instrument is used to measure thickness, diameter or depth of a body
up to 0.05 mm accurately.
 Vernier Calipers

 Construction:
 Vernier Calipers consist of a rectangular steel bar whose one side is
graduated in centimeters. This scale is known as the main scale (M.S). A
small scale consisting of 20 divisions which slides over the main scale is
known as the Vernier scale (V.S) This instrument has two sets of jaws which
enable it to measure. The internal and external diameters.
 Vernier Calipers

 Working:
To measure the length of an object, it is placed between the two
jaws of the Vernier calipers and first the reading of the main
scale is noted, then the reading of the Vernier scale is taken and
added to the main scale reading.
 Vernier Calipers

 Least Count:
The smallest distance which can be measured by Vernier calipers is called the
“Least Count”.
𝑉𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑠𝑡 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑛 𝑀.𝑆
Least Count=
𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑑𝑖𝑣𝑖𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑉.𝑆
=1mm/20
=0.05mm
=0.005cm
 Vernier Calipers

 Zero Error:
On closing the jaws if the zero of
the main scale coincides with the
zero of the Vernier scale then the
instrument has no zero error and
no correction is required,
otherwise there is an error if the
zero of the Vernier scale is on the
right side of the main scale, the
zero error is positive so the
distance is to be subtracted from
the observed value.
Vernier Calipers

The End
Thank you……


Any Questions????????