Safety

Measures
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 Safety

Safety in a race car is the art of protecting the

human occupant, at whatever cost to the car.
Designing the car to be damaged minimally
while hindering driver safety is definitely the
wrong approach.
So how do we protect the driver?
Well first we need to consider the basic
physiological weak points of the human body.

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 Safety
 The diagram above shows that pretty much any part of the
body exposed to the chassis of the race car is at risk.
Injuries occur because the body sustains impacts beyond
the G (gravities) level that it can sustain.
 The brain is particularly susceptible to injury, because it is
really just a soft tissue mass stored inside a very solid
bone container, the skull. The key to avoiding injury in the
brain is to avoid instantaneous deceleration of the skull.
That is, when the skull strikes something hard, it
decelerates instantaneously. The brain inside unfortunately
keeps on moving, causing head trauma.
 Neck and spinal injuries also present a serious threat to
life and career. These "Connector" type elements in our
body are flexible and stretchable, to a point, and can
sustain tremendous G loads before breaking. However,
depending on angle of impact, they can break rather
easily.
 Other bone injuries (breakages) are not as life-threatening
or career ending, but still are to be prevented. The bones
in our arms, legs and spine are designed to be stressed in
tension and compression along their length. In the case of
impacts they are often stressed in shear or bending, and
therefore snap relatively easily

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 Active and passive safety
 The terms "active" and "passive" are simple
but important terms in the world of
automotive safety. "Active safety" is used to
refer to technology assisting in the
prevention of a crash and "passive safety"
to components of the vehicle (primarily
airbags, seatbelts and the physical structure
of the vehicle) that help to protect
occupants during a crash .
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 Crash avoidance
 Crash avoidance systems and devices help the
driver — and, increasingly, help the vehicle
itself — to avoid a collision. This category
includes:
 The vehicle's headlamps, reflectors, and other
lights and signals
 The vehicle's mirrors
 The vehicle's brakes, steering, and suspension
systems
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Driver assistance
 Infrared night vision
 Adaptive highbeam assist
 Adaptive headlamps
 Automatic high beams
 Reverse backup sensors
 Backup camera
 Adaptive cruise control
 Lane departure warning
systems

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Driver assistance
 Tire pressure monitoring
 Traction control systems
 Electronic Stability Control
 Anti-lock braking systems
 Electronic brakeforce distribution
 Emergency brake assist
 Cornering Brake Control
 Precrash system
 Automated parking
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 Crashworthiness
Crashworthy systems and devices
prevent or reduce the severity of
injuries when a crash is imminent
or actually happening. Much
research is carried out using
anthropomorphic crash test
dummies
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 POINTS TO MINIMISE
CRASHWORTHINESS
 Seatbelts limit the forward motion of an
occupant, stretch to slow down the
occupant's deceleration in a crash, and
prevent occupants being ejected from the
vehicle.
 Airbags inflate to cushion the impact of a
vehicle occupant with various parts of the
vehicle's interior.
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 POINTS TO MINIMISE
CRASHWORTHINESS
 Laminated windshields remain in one piece
when impacted, preventing penetration of
unbelted occupants' heads and maintaining a
minimal but adequate transparency for control
of the car immediately following a collision.
Tempered glass side and rear windows break
into granules with minimally sharp edges, rather
than splintering into jagged fragments as
ordinary glass does.
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 POINTS TO MINIMISE
CRASHWORTHINESS
 Crumple zones absorb and dissipate the force of a
collision, displacing and diverting it away from the
passenger compartment and reducing the impact
force on the vehicle occupants. Vehicles will include
a front, rear and maybe side crumple zones (like
Volvo SIPS) too.
 Side impact protection beams.
 Collapsible universally jointed steering columns,
(with the steering system mounted behind the front
axle - not in the front crumple zone), reduce the risk
and severity of driver impalement on the column in a
frontal crash.
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Checkout the Safety Measures While
Driving a Car
 Aren’t you fooling yourself?

Such reckless speed and careless driving

can, at any moment, put out the light of
your life. Why does it matter? Simply put,
your life is fragile.

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The biggest distracting factors
 Talking on your cell phone while driving
 There are two ways a cell phone causes
distraction. First, your attention is diverted
on the conversation and your attention is
taken from the road, to the conversation.
 Sometimes you miss a light signal or you
try to overtake a heavy vehicle, but another
vehicle is coming from in front of you.
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 Safety always

 Never violate the traffic rules and try to maintain the

average speed limit. Don’t unnecessarily rush on the
road.
 If you are pressed for time and traffic jams always
make you late, why don’t you take a few minutes in
hand when you start?
 Cars should be maintained properly and the engines
should be checked after regular intervals. Road
hazards will drastically reduce and you will also
enjoy the quality of driving.

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 Put off the cell phones when you are driving.
Make your driving experience safe and hazard-
free.
 If calls have to be made, then use speaker phones
and try to stop the car to complete the
conversation. Limit the conversation to important
matters.
 Playing music in the car is ok, but keep the
volume at a decent level. To make it easier, make
you a CD with the songs you want to listen in the
car, but when heavy traffic occurs, it is better to
turn your CD player off.
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 The other distraction caused by the cell phone is
when your talking on the phone it takes one hand
away from the wheel. If you drive a standard this
means that you have to take your cell phone and tuck
it into your shoulder to switch gears. When you are
reading this article and visualizing the picture, you
see all the things wrong with this, but when you are
in your vehicle and doing this the thought never
crosses your mind. So who is to blame for an
accident in this case?
 Similarly anything that involves one of your hands to
do and your concentration, even in the smallest bit
can affect your driving.
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