CASTING DEFECTS

Dr. DEEPA MK
INTRODUCTION
 CLASSIFICATION

● Distortion

● Surface roughness and

irregularities

● Porosities

● Incomplete or missing details

CAUSES FOR CASTING DEFECTS
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 SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND IRREGULARITIES
● Prolonged Heating

● Temperature of the Alloy

● Casting Pressure

● Composition of the
Investment
AIR BUBBLES
WATER FILMS RAPID HEATING RATES
UNDERHEATING
LIQUID/POWDER RATIO
FOREIGN BODIES CARBON INCLUSION
IMPACT OF MOLTEN ALLOYS
PATTERN POSITION DISCOLOURATION
POROSITIES
 CLASSIFICATION

I. Solidification Defects II. Trapped Gases III. Residual Air

A. Localized Shrinkage Porosity A. Pinhole Porosity

B. Microporosity B. Gas Inclusion

C. Subsurface Porosity
LOCALIZED SHRINKAGE POROSITY
MICROPOROSITY PINHOLE POROSITY
GAS INCLUSION
SUBSURFACE POROSITY
RESIDUAL AIR
INCOMPLETE CASTING
HOW TO AVOID DEFECTS
WAX PATTERN
SPRUE AND SPRUE PLACEMENT
MANIPULATION OF INVESTMENT
TEMPERATURE/PRESSURE CONTROL
EFFECT ON PROSTHESIS AND MANAGEMENT
LACK OF SUBSTANCE DEFECT ON FILLING OF MATERIAL ABSENCE BY
RESTORATION WELDING
UNDERSIZED CONTACT AREA

CORRECTION OF CONTACT AREA BY WELDING

FINISHING AND POLISHING
 CONCLUSION
By standardising technique and paying strict attention to each step, it is often
possible to control the location of the solidification shrinkage and minimize the
number of miscasts.

When casting failure occurs, we should troubleshoot each miscast to diagnose the
cause of the problem so corrective measures maybe taken before we make
additional casting.
 REFERENCES
• Anusavice, Phillips’ Science of Dental Materials, 11th Edition, 2008

• John F. McCabe, Applied Dental Materials, 7th Edition,1990

• Rosenstiel, Contemporary Fixed Prosthodontics, 5th Edition, 2016

• Rudd, Morrow, Rhoads, Dental Laboratory Procedures, Volume II, 2nd

Edition,1986

• Rudd, Morrow, Rhoads, Dental Laboratory Procedures, Volume III, 2nd

Edition, 1986
THANK YOU