Cielo T.

Macaraeg
BSED Social Studies 1B-4
 During his time as
During Martial Law as During People Power
the President of the
Philippine Constabulary Revolution
Philippines
 12th President of the Philippines
2nd President of the 5th Philippine Republic
In Office:
June 30, 1992 – June 30, 1998

• He was the first, and to date the only, non-

Roman Catholic president of the Philippines.
• President Corazon Aquino, prohibited by the
Constitution to run for a second term, endorsed
Defense Minister Fidel V. Ramos in the 1992
presidential elections.
• Ramos won under a new political party, Partido Lakas
Tao, based on his long-held political doctrine of
people empowerment.
• Elected Vice-President was former movie star, San
Juan Mayor and senator, Joseph “Erap” Estrada.
• Upon his assumption of office, he worked on an
Agenda for Reforms to make the Philippines a New
Industrialized Country (NIC) by the year 2000.
• President Ramos had encountered problems which
were remnants of the previous two administrations and
these were as follows:
• mass poverty
• ailing economy
• power crisis
• high crime rate
• graft and corruption
• environmental problems
• insurgency
• To secure the economy, President Ramos ordered the
dismantling of monopolies and cartels.
• In 1992, around 781,000 new jobs became
available in the country. The national
unemployment rate from 9.8 percent in 1996
was reduced to 8.4 as of 1997.
• From 1992 to 1997, the country’s per capita
income increased from $800 to $1,240
• Migrant Workers Act of 1995 - An
act to institute the policies of overseas
employment and establish a higher
standard of protection and promotion of
the welfare of migrant workers, their
families and overseas Filipinos in distress,
and for other purposes.
• On July 8, 1992, President Ramos created
the Presidential Anti-Crime Commission
(PACC) and appointed the Vice-President
as its head. The PACC had encountered
various crime syndicates, arresting over
150 of their suspected members and
forcing 58 others to voluntarily surrender.
• “Doctors to the
barrio program”
- A program of the
government which focuses
on delivery of medical
services to distant areas.
• Ramos administration has been promoting
artificial methods of birth control
• The Catholic Church continues to promote
abstinence or natural birth control methods
among couples

• The Catholic Bishops’ Conference of the

Philippines (CBCP) in a pastoral letter read in
churches nationwide said that the government’s
birth control program would destroy family ties.
It also virtually endorses abortion.
• On June 17, 1994, President Ramos launched
the Social Reform Agenda (SRA), “to help the
poorest of the poor help themselves.”

• The Smokey Mountain,

once the center of
abject poverty, was
transformed into a
model, affordable and
clean area for residential and commercial
purposes.
• The Philippine National Railways
(PNR), main south line (Albay)
was rehabilitated. It used to be
nonoperational since 1986.
• The Pasig River Ferry service
• The circumferential road known
as C-5
• Two more Light Rail Transit (LRT)
systems
• The Manila Skyway
• New Ninoy Aquino International
Airport Terminal (NAIA II)
• In other parts of the country, additional
international airports were opened like Subic,
Clark, General Santos and Zamboanga.
• The administration started the interlinking of the
major island grids into one national power grid with
the completion of the Leyte-Cebu interconnection in
1997 and Leyte-Luzon interconnection in 1998.
• Under the National Integrated Protected Areas
System (NIPAS), critical areas such as the Tubbataha
and Apo reefs, Boracay, and the Ifugao rice
terraces were protected and rehabilitated.
• The United States continued to be country’s top
trading partner, accounting for 26.78 percent
of the total in 1990 and 26.66 percent in
1991.
• The country’s trade with Japan had been on an
uptrend, with 19.84 percent of the country’s
total trade during the year.
• The People’s Republic of China (PROC)
continued to be the country’s leading communist
trading partner. The increase of Philippine
export to PROC in 1991 was attributed to the
huge demand for manufactured fertilizers.
• The Ramos administration was able to forge a
just and honorable peace with the Repormang
Alyansang Makabansa (RAM) and the Moro
National liberation Front (MNLF) by initiating
dialogues and agreements.
• This won the respect of the world as evidenced
by the 1997 United Nations Educational,
Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
peace prize awarded to the country.
• Peace talks were also held with the Moro
Islamic Liberation Front (MILF), Communist Party
of the Philippines (CPP) and National
Democratic Front (NDF) so that they may “rejoin
the mainstream of civil society.”
• Executive order No. 125 - Defining the
Approach and Administrative Structure for the
Government’s Comprehensive Peace Efforts.
• Six Paths to Peace as recommended by the
National Unification Commission (NUC).
• The NUC recommended the creation of the
Office of the Presidential Adviser on the Peace
Process (OPAPP), which managed and
implemented the mandate of the government.
• - his blueprint for national economic recovery to
transform it into a tiger economy by the next
millennium.
• In 1996 the government finally reached a
peaceful settlement with one of the largest
rebel groups in the country, the Moro National
Liberation Front (MNLF).
• The signing of the GRP-MNLF Peace Agreement
on September 2, 1996 in Malacañang Palace
formally ended the armed conflict in Mindanao.
• The GRP-MNLF peace accord specifically
provided for the establishment of the ff:
• Special Zone of Peace and Development in
Southern Philippines (SZOPAD), consisting of
14 provinces;
• the Southern Philippines Council for Peace and
Development (SPCPD);
• and a Consultative Assembly.
• In 1997 Ramos’ supporters sought to
amend to constitution; however such
Charter Change (Cha-Cha) movement
was denounced by different sector
including the Catholic Church.
• At the end of President Ramos’ term, the
observance of the first Centennial
Philippines Independence was carried out
through the National Centennial
Commission (NCC) and other non-
government organizations (NGOs).
The Centennial Program had the following
objectives:
• revive love of country
• restore appreciation for the true Filipino identity
• relearn the values of the country’s historic
struggle for independence and use these for
development of the future
• and generate greater active participation in the
centennial commemoration celebration to
accelerate nation-building.
• The desired effects
of the Philippines
Centennial gave
birth to its slogan,
“Kalayaan,
Kayamanan ng
Bayan.”
President Ramos and the However, it turned out that
ruling coalition supported the opposition has the
Jose de Venecia, the House popular support for the
Speaker. presidency.