IMMUNOLOGY PRESENTATION

• TOPIC :
RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

GROUP NO 8

ROLL NO : 19312 19341 19353 19360 19361

Definition
Chronic destructive disease characterized by
joint inflammation with pain and sweeling and
synovitis .
Unknown etiology
Autoimmune condition,which means it is
caused by the immune system attacking
healthy body tissues.
Cause
• Your immune system normally makes
antibodies that attack bacteria and
viruses,helping to fight infection
• If you have rheumatic arthritis ,your immune
system mistakenly sends antibodies to the
lining of your joints(synovium) ,where they
attack the tissue surrounding the joint .
Sign and symptoms
 Fatigue
 Morning stiffness
 Joint stiffness
 Joint pain
 Fever
 Minot joint swelling
 Numbness and tingling
 Decrease in range of motion
Risk factors
Genes
Smoking status
Exposure to toxins
Certain infections
Biological sex
Age
Weight
Hormones
Pathophysiology
 The clinical onset –infilteration of the synovial
membrane with
- Lyphocytes
- Plasma cells
- Dendritic cells
- Macrophages
 Cd4 lymphocytes play a central role by
interacting with other cells in the synovium.
Diagnosis
• Complete blood count (CBC)
• Rheumatoid factor(latex agglutination )
> serum and titre
• Rheumatic factor (nephlometry )
> IgM,IgG and IgA
• Cyclic cirullinated peptide (CCP0 antibody
• C- reactive protein (CRP)
Continue …..
• ESR
• Anti –nuclear antibody (ANA)
• X-Ray
 Diagnosis
1.I m a g i n g s c a n s a n d X - r a y s

Other medical imaging techniques such as magnetic

resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound are also
X-ray of the wrist of a woman with rheumatoid used in RA
arthritis, showing unaffected carpal bones in the
left image
Treatment
• Disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs
(DMARDs)
• Biological response modifiers (biological
DMARDs)
• Surgery
• Arthroscopy
• Joint replacement
Medication to relieve pain
• Painkillers
• Non steroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
• Corticosteroids
• Physiotherapy
• Podiatry
Complications
• Depression
• Infection
• Malignancy
• ‘lymphoma
• Lung cancer
• Skin cancer