KNC 4233

Environmental Engineering

Lecture Week 5

Some basic water parameters,

including Oxygen demand (BOD,
Ultimate BOD, COD)
Cik Siti Hazirah bt Adam (Coordinator)
Professor Dr Mohammad Omar Abdullah
 Measuring dissolved oxygen levels at the aeration basin
ensures that conditions are optimised for bacteria to
thrive. (Courtesy: Process Technology magazine)
 Ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N)

• Ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N), is a measure for the

amount of ammonia, a toxic pollutant often found in
landfill leachate and in waste products, such as sewage,
liquid manure and other liquid organic waste products.
 BOD
• Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD, also called biological oxygen
demand) is the amount of dissolved oxygen needed (i.e., demanded)
by aerobic biological organisms to break down organic material
present in a given water sample at certain temperature over a specific
time period.

• BOD- Biochemical Oxygen Demand is supposed to measure the

amount of food (or organic carbons) that bacteria can oxidize.
 COD
• COD - Chemical Oxygen Demand.
The COD value indicates the amount
of oxygen which is needed for the
oxidation of all organic substances in
water in mg/l or g/m3. The COD (Chemical
Oxygen Demand) is closely related to the
laboratory standard method named
Dichromate-Method.
BOD vs COD
 Quick Demo and Tutorial (Class
exercise)

• BOD Determination
See e.g.:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YJ2Ui
uSHpuU&index=4&list=PLnBW3nw1xuxVn
ohyEFAXR44gDGy-4gukc

• Tutorial
(Class exercise)
Class exercise 1
Class exercise 2
Class exercise 3
Thank You