10%–15% of primary care patients Illness : • vulnerability to infection and • environmental factors, • psychological factors, • organic causes • including genetic and aging factors, and • distress (including exhaustion and time pressure) • DSM-IV – Diagnostic Statistical Manual IV • ICD X – International Classification of Disease X • PPDGJ III – Pedoman Penggolongan Diagnosis Gangguan Jiwa III • Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders (PRIME- MD) • Psychosomatics 1998; 39:263–272 • Models of medically unexplained symptoms (MUS) include, among others, mechanisms such as attention, perception, attribution, memory processes, and expectation, as well as social-interactional and emotional factors
• K. Voigt et al. / Journal of Psychosomatic Research 68 (2010) 403–414
• The screening instrument enables physicians to identify somatoform disorder patients with a high degree of accuracy, although it requires further evaluation and development • The PHQ-15 is a screening instrument for somatic symptom severity (SSS) and has been developed from its precursors, the “Primary Care Evaluation of Mental Disorders” (PRIME- MD) and the “PRIME-MD Patient Health Questionnaire” (PRIME-MD PHQ) • S. Körber et al. / Journal of Psychosomatic Research 71 (2011) 142–147