ALOPECIA AREATA

Morgan Gilcrest & Armir Shperdheja

https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-Alopecia.aspx
 Signs & Symptoms
• Small, round patches of hair loss
• Significant hair loss
• Short period of time
• Localized to one side of scalp
• Hair regrowth & loss

https://f1000research.com/articles/4-585/v1
 Tissues and Cells Involved
Hair Follicles T-Cells
T-Cell

Pathogen

https://breastcancernow.org/news-and-blogs/blogs/breast-cancer-
https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/alopecia-areata now-explains-immunotherapy-immune-checkpoint-inhibitors
 Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen 4

CTLA-4 function = Regulate T-cells

Antigen + T-cell = Immune Response

Antigen + T-cell + CTLA-4 =

Controlled Immune T-Cell Response

https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/CTLA4
 What can go wrong?
START
Variations of CTLA-4 Altered Function of CTLA-4

Upregulation of T-Cells Cannot inhibit T-cells properly

T-cells attack on https://www.istockphoto.com/illustrations/t-

healthy hair cells cell?sort=mostpopular&mediatype=illustration
&phrase=t%20cell
https://pixabay.com/images/search/dna/
 Diagnosis

http://www.lifecellskincare.com/ https://www.naturalproductsinsider.com/supplements/hair-tissue-mineral-
https://www.foxrehab.org/partner-with-fox/physician-partner/ analysis-helps-determine-supplements-consumer-needs
Alopecia Areata Assessment Tool
(ALTO)

Li DG, Huang KP, Xia FD, Joyce C, Scott DA, Qureshi AA, Mostaghimi A. 2018.
Development and pilot testing of the alopecia areata assessment tool
(ALTO). PLoS One. 13(6):e0196517.
 Treatments

https://biovea.co.za/product/foligain-5-minoxidil-low-alcohol-for-men/
http://www.daleelii.com/en/ae/View/3786/-Antipsoriatic-Agent-Anthralin
 References
1. American Academy of Dermatology. c2018. Des Plaines: Alopecia areata:
diagnosis and treatment. [accessed 2019 Mar 20].
https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/hair-and-scalp-problems/alopecia-
areata#treatment.

2. Bell BR, Feng Z, Bifulco CB, Leidner R, Weinberg A, Fox BA. 2018. 15-
Immunotherapy. Oral, Head and Neck Oncology and Reconstructive Surgery.
p. 314-340.

3. John KK, Brockschmidt FF, Redler S, Herold C, Hanneken S, Eigelshoven S,

Giehl KA, De Weert J, Lutz G, Kruse R, et al. 2011. Genetic variants in
CTLA4 are strongly associated with alopecia areata. J Invest Dermatol.
131(5):1169-72.
 References
4. Li DG, Huang KP, Xia FD, Joyce C, Scott DA, Qureshi AA, Mostaghimi A. 2018.
Development and pilot testing of the alopecia areata assessment tool
(ALTO). PLoS One. 13(6):e0196517

5. National Alopecia Areata Foundation. San Rafael: What you need to know
about alopecia areata. [accessed 2019 Mar 20].
https://www.naaf.org/alopecia-areata.

6. Pratt CH, King Jr LE, Messenger AG, Christiano AM, Sundberg JP. 2016.
Alopecia areata. Nat Rev Dis Prim. 3:17011.

7. Sundberg JP, McElwee KJ, Carroll JM, King Jr LE. 2011. Hypothesis testing:
CTLA4 co-stimulatory pathways critical in the pathogenesis of human and
mouse alopecia areata. J of Invest Dermatol. 131(11):2323-2324.
 Image References
1. https://biovea.co.za/product/foligain-5-minoxidil-low-alcohol-for-men/. Accessed
March 20, 2019.

2. https://breastcancernow.org/news-and-blogs/blogs/breast-cancer-now-explains-
immunotherapy-immune-checkpoint-inhibitors. Accessed March 20, 2019.

3. https://f1000research.com/articles/4-585/v1. Accessed March 20, 2019.

4. https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/alopecia-areata. Accessed March 20, 2019.

5. https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/gene/CTLA4. Accessed March 20, 2019.

6. https://pixabay.com/images/search/dna/. Accessed March 25, 2019.

 Image References
7. http://www.daleelii.com/en/ae/View/3786/-Antipsoriatic-Agent-Anthralin.
Accessed March 20, 2019.

8. https://www.foxrehab.org/partner-with-fox/physician-partner/. Accessed March

25, 2019

9. https://www.istockphoto.com/illustrations/tcell?sort=mostpopular&mediatype=ill
ustration&phrase=t%20cell. Accessed March 25, 2019.

10. http://www.lifecellskincare.com/. Accessed March 25, 2019.

11. https://www.naturalproductsinsider.com/supplements/hair-tissue-mineral-
analysis-helps-determine-supplements-consumer-needs. Accessed March 25,
2019.

12. https://www.news-medical.net/health/What-is-Alopecia.aspx. Accessed March

11, 2019