• Know yourr risk.

Do a research if you live near the fault

or if you live in the fault zone area

• Prepare. Each of your family member should have

go-bag. These are the things you need to put inside
it:
1. Water (at least 1.5 liters)
2. Ready-to-eat meals (canned food, instant noodles,
biscuits, etc.)
3. Masks
4. Flashlight and extra batteries
5. Clothing (make sure it’s light and compact)
First aid kit
6.First aid kit
7.A two-way radio for communication and a
portable radio for listening in on the news
8.Powerbank (to charge your mobile device)
9.Whistle

10.Others:
Copies of important documents
Money
Prescriptions (if you or anyone else in your family is on
them)
• Know/have an evacuation plan once an earthquake
hits, including where to go, and what to do.

• Secure any objects within your home or office

that might fall during an earthquake
• Practice DROP, COVER, and HOLD ON
1. DROP to your hands and knees
2. Take COVER under a sturdy desk/table
3. HOLD ON to something until the shaking stops
• If you’re indoors:
1. Move away from windows, glass, and heavy objects.
2. DROP, COVER, and HOLD ON.
3. Wait until the shaking stops before getting out.
• If you’re outdoors:
1. Head for an open space (park, parking lot, open field) and
stay away from any buildings, street lamps, trees, or
walls).
2. Get on your hands and knees and stay low to the ground
3. If you’re in a car, pull over to a clear area and stay in your
car.
• If you were indoors during the quake, grab your go bag
and get out of the building. Use the stairs, NEVER THE
ELEVATOR.
• Once out, stay away from damaged buildings.
• If an aftershock hits, DROP, COVER, and HOLD ON.
• Do not go back inside your house/building unless the
authorities tell you it’s safe to do so.
CASIGURAN EARTHQUAKE
The 1968 Casiguran earthquake toke
place on August 1. It was measured as a 7.3
on the surface wave magnitude scale. This
was deemed as the most destructive
earthquake in the Philippines. The city of
Manila was the hardest hit with 268 people
killed and 261 more injured. Many
structures that suffered severe damage
were built near the opening of the Pasig
River. Many buildings were damaged and
could not be repaired while others only
suffered cosmetic damage. 260 people died
during the collapse of the 6 story Ruby
Tower. The quake also caused tsunamis as
far as Japan and caused several landslides.
1897 MINDANAO EARTHQUAKES

The earthquakes were originally given estimated magnitudes of 8.6

and 8.7 on the surface wave magnitude scale by Charles Richter, but
these were revised downwards by Katsuyuki Abe to 7.4 and 7.5 M,
respectively.Contemporary reports noted that with few exceptions, all
the masonry buildings in Zamboanga and Basilan were left in ruins.
Both earthquakes triggered tsunamis, with the second being quite
destructive, with a maximum run-up of 7.0 m. The tsunami was noted
all along the southwest coast of Negros, the west coast of Panay, the
south coast of Palawan, the west coast of Mindanao, and the east
coast of Borneo. At least 13 died as a result of the second tsunami,
with a hundred or more casualties also being reported
LUZON EARTHQUAKE

At around 4 pm on July 16, 1990, a

magnitude-7.8 earthquake hit Northern and
Central Luzon. Its epicenter was recorded in
Nueva Ecija, and the shaking lasted for about
a minute.
Among the hardest hit areas were the cities
of Baguio, Cabanatuan in Nueva Ecija, and
Dagupan in Pangasinan.
In Baguio City, several structures collapsed,
burying people alive. Some establishments
destroyed included hotels like the Hyatt
Terraces Plaza, Nevada Hotel, Baguio Hilltop
Hotel, Baguio Park Hotel, and FRB Hotel.
The quake left an estimated US$369-million
worth of damages, and a total of 2,412
people dead.
MORO GULF EARTHQUAKE

While most people were sleeping, a

massive earthquake, registering
magnitude 8.0 on the Richter scale,
rocked most of Mindanao and parts
of the Visayas.Without warning,
about 2-5 minutes after the
earthquake struck, waves as high as 9
meters reached the shore and
inundated communities along the
Moro Gulf.About 8,000 people died,
including those missing and were
never found, making it the most
disastrous tsunami to hit the
Philippines
1645 LUZON EARTHQUAKE

November 30 at about 08:00 PM local time on

Luzon Island in the northern part of the
country. The island was struck by a 7.5 M
tremor produced by the San Manuel and
Gabaldon Faults (Nueva Ecija) in the central
section of the island.
Aftershocks continued a few days, then on
December 4 at 11:00 pm, annother event
(allegedly equal or stronger than November
30) hit the area, causing further death and
destruction.In Manila, damage was entirely
severe: it almost "crumbled" ten newly
constructed cathedrals in the capital,
residential villas and other buildings. An
estimated number of 600 Spanish people
were killed, and about 3,000 Spanish were
injured.
The Richter scale was originally devised to measure the
magnitude of earthquakes of moderate size (that is,
magnitude 3 to magnitude 7) by assigning a number that
would allow the size of one earthquake to be compared with
another. The scale was developed for temblors occuring in
southern California that were recorded using the Wood-
Anderson seismograph and whose epicentres were less than
600 km (373 miles) from the location of the seismograph.
Present-day seismographs, however, may be calibrated to
compute Richter magnitudes, and modern methods for
measuring earthquake magnitude have been developed to
produce results that remain consistent with those measured
using the Richter scale.
• In China in 1556, a quake killed 830,000 people.
• An old African belief attributes earthquakes to a wife
calling the name of her mother-in-law.
• In Japan mythology, a giant catfish called Namazu is
responsible for earthquakes.
• A massive 8.8 earthquake in Chile moved the city of
Concepción 10 feet to the west on February 27, 2010. This
quake also shortened Earth's day and slightly changed the
rotation of the planet.[1]
• The deadliest earthquake known hit Shansi, China on
January 23, 1556. An estimated 830,000 people died.
Rappler
https://amp.rappler.com/move-ph/issues/disasters/102827-1976-
moro-gulf-earthquake-tsunami

Primer
http://primer.com.ph/tips-guides/2017/04/13/how-to-prepare-for-
earthquake-things-to-do-before-during-and-after/

Save Manila
https://savemanila.weebly.com/1968-casiguran-earthquake.html
EFFECTS OF AN EARTHQUAKE