Gambaran CT SCAN

(kasus : EDH, SDH, ICH, SAH, INFARK CEREBRI, IVH

Annisa Fitri Anggraini
Dita Stefiana Dewi
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EPIDURAL HEMATOMA
 EPIDURAL HEMATOMA
• occurs in the potential space
between the dura and the
cranium.
• mainly caused by structural
disruption of the dural and skull
vessels commonly associated
with calvarial fractures.
 LESI HIPERDENS BERBENTUK
BIKONVEX

Note the typical convex or lens-shaped appearance.

The hematoma takes this shape as the dura strips from
the undersurface of the cranium, limited by the suture
lines.
 The dura is most adherent to the
sutures, which connect the various
bones of the skull. The major sutures
are the coronal sutures (frontal and
parietal bones), the sagittal sutures
(both parietal bones), and the
lambdoid sutures (parietal and
occipital bones).
EDH rarely extends beyond the
sutures.
SUBDURAL HEMATOMA

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 SUBDURAL HEMATOMA
‐ A subdural hematoma (SDH) is a collection of blood below the inner layer of the dura
but external to the brain and arachnoid membrane
• Pathophysiology
The usual mechanism that
produces an acute subdural
hematoma is a high-speed impact to
the skull. This causes brain tissue to
accelerate or decelerate relative to the
fixed dural structures, tearing blood
vessels.
Lesi berbentuk bulan sabit (crescent)
INTRACEREBRAL HEMHORRHAGE

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 INTRACEREBRAL HEMHORRHAGE
Intracerebral hemorrhage occurs when a diseased blood vessel within the brain bursts,
allowing blood to leak inside the brain. The sudden increase in pressure within the brain
can cause damage to the brain cells surrounding the blood
• LOCATION:
 Bangsal Ganglia Hemorrhage
Pontin Hemorrhage
Thalamic Hemorrhage
Cerebellar Hemorrhage
Lobar Hemorrhage
• AETIOLOGY
 Hemorrhagic Venous Infarct
 Hypertensive Hemorrhage
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SUBARACHNOID HEMHORRHAGE

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 SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE
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The term subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) refers to extravasation of blood into the subarachnoid
space between the pial and arachnoid membranes. Blood due to a subarachnoid haemorrhage
can, therefore, pass into any part of the CSF spaces: sulci, fissures, basal cisterns or ventricles.

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CEREBRAL INFARCTION

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 CEREBRAL INFARCTION
Cerebral infarction is
focal brain necrosis
due to complete and
prolonged ischemia
that affects all tissue
elements, neurons,
glia, and vessels.
INTRAVENTRICULAR HEMHORRHAGE

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 INTRAVENTRICULAR HEMHORRHAGE
Intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) merely denotes the present of blood within the
ventricular hemorrhage of the brain, and is responsible for significant morbidity due to
the development of obstructive hydrocephalus in many patients.

It can be divided into primary or secondary, primary haemorrhage being far less
common than secondary:
Primary: the dominant finding is that of blood in the ventricles, with little if any
parenchymal blood
Secondary: a large extraventricular component is present (e.g. parenchymal or
subarachnoid) with secondary extension into the ventricles
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 ICH WITH IVH

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