Curricular Reforms in the

Philippines
The Pre-Spanish Curriculum

• They did not have an organized system of

education
• Ideas and facts were acquired through
suggestion, observation, example and
imitation.
The Sapanish- devised Curriculum

• The spanish missionaries were the teachers

during that time.
• Spanish curriculum then considered of the
three R’s – reading, writing and arithmetic.
• The aim of the spanish devised curriculum is
to; teach young boys and girls to serve and
love God, discover what is good and proper
for one’s self, and enables the individual to get
along well with his neighbor.
The American-devised Curriculum

• The public school system established and

headed by an American until 1935, was to
train the Filipinos after the American culture
and way of life.
The primary curriculum prescribed in 1904 by
the Americans for the Filipinos consisted of
three grades provides training in two aspect;
1. Body trainings- singing, drawing , handwork,
and physical training.
The American-devised Curriculum

2. Mental Training- English ( reading, writing,

conversations, phonetics, and spelling)
nature study, and arithmetic. In grade 3
geography and civic were added to the list of
subjects.
Intermediate Curriculum
- Arithmetic, geography, science and english
(science included plant life, physiology and
sanitation)
The American-devised Curriculum

Collegiate Level
-normal schools were opened with a teachers
training curriculum appropriate for
elementary mentors.
The Curriculum during the Commonwealth
(1935-1946)
• Considered as the period of expansion and
reform in the Philippine curriculum.
• The educational leaders expanded the
curriculum by introducing courses in farming,
trade, business, and domestic science, etc.
• The start of operation of the collegiate normal
schools in 1939 and there was two years
training beyond high school.
The Curriculum during the Commonwealth
(1935-1946)
• Commonwealth Act 586, also known as
Education Act of 1940, reorganized the
elementary school system by eliminating
grade VII
The Japanese-devised Curriculum (1941-1945)

• Nippongo and abolishing English as the

medium of instruction and as a subject.
• Causes a blackout in the Philippines education
and impeded the educational progress of the
Philippines.