Favorite President

Final Project:
Theodore
Roosevelt
DAVID AGUILAR
CLAS1120U
8/9/2019
Theodore Roosevelt Information:
 Date of Birth: October 27, 1858 in New York, NY.
 Date of Death: January 6, 1919 in Sagamore Hill,
Cove Neck, NY.
 Term as President: September 14, 1901 - March 4,
1909
 Term as Vice President: March 4, 1901 - September
14, 1901
 Term as New York Governor: January 1, 1899 -
December 31, 1900
 Information Continued:
 Education: Bachelor of Arts degree from Harvard College
(1876-1880)
 Forebears: His mother was Martha Stewart Bulloch and his
father was Theodore Roosevelt Sr. (Son of Cornelius Roosevelt).
 Family History: Roosevelt Sr. was a businessman and
Martha Stewart Bulloch and
philanthropist; helped found the New York City Metropolitan Theodore Roosevelt Sr.
Museum of Art and the American Museum of Natural History.
 Wives: Married his first wife Alice Hathaway Lee in 1880. She
died on February 14, 1884. Married his second wife Edith Kermit
Carow in 1886.
 Children: In his first marriage he had a daughter, Alice Lee
Roosevelt. In his second marriage he had five children:
Theodore Roosevelt III, Kermit Roosevelt, Ethel Roosevelt Derby,
Archibald Roosevelt, and lastly Quentin Roosevelt.

Entry in Roosevelt’s diary on the day of

the death of his mother, and his first
wife.
 Political Rise:
 1881-1884: Roosevelt successfully ran for the New York State
Assembly and was reelected numerous times.
 1884: After losing support from the Mugwump reformers by
refusing to support Democratic nominee Grover Cleveland as
well as from members of his own Republican party, Roosevelt
retired from politics and moved to North Dakota. Roosevelt reforming the New
York Police
 1886: Roosevelt returned to New York and accepted the
Republican nomination for mayor of New York City. He lost the
campaign.
 1889: Roosevelt is appointed by President Benjamin Harrison to
the Civil Service Commission. He used his position to fight
government corruption.
 1895: Roosevelt is appointed president of the board of New
York City Police Commissioners. He made sweeping reforms in
the police force.
Roosevelt in his New York office
 Political Rise Continued:
 1897: Roosevelt is appointed by President William McKinley to
be the Assistant Secretary of the Navy. He pushed for an
increase in the U.S.’s naval force and supported the removal of
Spain from Cuba.
 1898: At the start of the Spanish-American war, Roosevelt
resigns from his office to lead the First US Volunteer Cavalry
Regiment, also known as the Rough Riders. He becomes
famous for his charge on Kettle Hill. After returning home
Roosevelt is declared a hero and wins governorship of New
York.
 1900: The Republican party nominates Roosevelt to be
McKinley’s vice president. Roosevelt and the Rough Riders
 1901: Roosevelt assumes the presidency after the assassination
of President McKinley
 Roosevelt’s First Term (1901-1905):
 Roosevelt had no vice president during his first term in office.
 Many reforms took place during this term.
 Roosevelt used the Sherman Antitrust Act to break up or regulate
what he thought were “bad trusts” such as the Northern Securities
Company and Standard Oil, earning him the title of “trust-buster”.
 Roosevelt prosecuted government corruption in the Bureau of
Indian Affairs, General Land Office, and the Postal Service.
 The Hepburn Act (1906) allowed for the regulation of railroad
prices.
 The Meat Inspection Act and the Pure Food and Drug Act were
passed in 1906, increasing consumer safety.
 Roosevelt established the United States Forest Service to preserve
America’s wildlife.
 First Term Continued:
 Roosevelt built up the U.S. Navy into a Great White Fleet.
 The Roosevelt Corollary is issued to prevent European involvement
in Latin America.
 Roosevelt oversees the beginning of construction of the Panama
Canal.

Roosevelt Corollary and the Panama

Canal
The Election of 1904

 Since Theodore Roosevelt assumed the presidency after the

assassination of President William McKinley in 1901, there was no
election prior to his first term in office. The 1904 presidential
election would be Roosevelt’s first time running a presidential
campaign.
The Candidates
 Democratic Party: Former New York
judge Alton B. Parker, with wealthy
former senator Henry G. Davis as his
running mate.
 Republican Party: Incumbent President
Theodore Roosevelt, with senator
Charles W. Fairbanks as his running
mate.
 Socialist Party: Eugene V. Debs, with
Ben Hanford as his running mate.
 The Issues
 The election of 1904 was relatively uneventful,
with neither Democratic or Republican
candidate doing much campaigning.
 Roosevelt was accused of accepting large
sums of money from corporations and
insurance companies, but he adamantly
denied these accusations.
 Since both Democrat Parker and Republican
Roosevelt were so similar in regards to policy
(supporting of the gold standard, workers rights,
etc.), the election boiled down to personality.
 Democrats attacked Roosevelt for the
aforementioned contributions as well as for his
bombastic personality.
 Roosevelt continued to promote his Square
Deal policy. A political cartoon demonstrating Roosevelt’s
larger than life personality
 The Results
 Electoral Vote
 Roosevelt (R): 336
 Parker (D): 140
 Debs (S): 0

 Popular Vote
 Roosevelt (R): 7,630,557 (56.42%)
 Parker (D): 5,084,537 (37.59%)
 Debs (S): 402,810 (2.98%)

 Roosevelt won a landslide victory with 336

electoral votes, and with 2.5 million more 1904 Presidential
popular votes than the Democratic runner Election Results Map
up.
Campaign Memorabilia
Campaign Posters
Campaign Songs
Campaign Song: Roosevelt The
Cry
Hear the call throughout the land
Come and proudly take your stand
Now uphold your chieftain's hand
Roosevelt the cry!
History shall write his name
On the immortal scroll of fame
They shall all his deeds proclaim
Roosevelt the cry!

Blow the bugle, beat the drum Roosevelt, the soldier true
From the north and south they come Roosevelt, the statesman too
From the east and west they come Sane for me and safe for you
Roosevelt the cry! Roosevelt the cry!

Lincoln's name, McKinley's too

They traduced and would anew
Trust them? I will not-will you?
Roosevelt the cry!

Let the Democrat named Hill

All his evil venom spill
Yet he'll taste a bitter pill
Roosevelt the cry!
 Roosevelt’s Second Term (1905-1909):
 Roosevelt’s vice president for his second term was Charles W.
Fairbanks.
 Roosevelt’s second term proved to be more difficult than his first.
 Numerous additional attempts to pass reform such as a federal
income and inheritance tax would fail to make it through
Congress.
 Roosevelt decided not to run for a third term and supported his
Secretary of War, William Howard Taft to be the Republican
presidential nominee.

Roosevelt and Taft

The Election of 1912

 After not running for reelection in 1908 and supporting William

Taft as the Republican nominee for that year, Theodore
Roosevelt grew displeased with Taft’s policies as president and
with the Republic party. In 1912, Roosevelt and his Progressive
(Bull Moose) Party rose to challenge Taft’s presidency
The Candidates
 Democratic Party: Governor of New
Jersey Woodrow Wilson, with Governor
of Indiana Thomas R. Marshall as his
running mate.
 Republican Party: Incumbent President
William Howard Taft, with senator
James S. Sherman as his initial running
mate, replaced by Nicholas Murray
Butler.
 Progressive Party: Former President
Theodore Roosevelt with Governor of
California Hiram Johnson as his running
mate.
 The Issues
 During Taft’s presidency there was a growing
divide in the Republic Party between
Progressives like Roosevelt and Conservatives
like Taft himself.
 Because of this and Taft’s movement away
from progressive policies as president, Theodore
Roosevelt formed his own Progressive Party.
 The Progressive Party was built on the concept
of Roosevelt’s Square Deal policy and sought
additional government and social reform.
 This divide in the Republic party split voters
between Taft and Roosevelt, allowing
Woodrow Wilson to eventually defeat both of
them.

A political cartoon demonstrating Roosevelt’s

larger than life personality
 The Results
 Electoral Vote
 Taft (R): 8 (Red)
 Wilson (D): 435 (Blue)
 Roosevelt (P): 88 (Yellow)

 Popular Vote
 Taft (R): 3,487,939 (23.18%)
 Wilson (D): 6,294,384 (41.83%)
 Roosevelt (P): 4,121,609 (27.39%)

 Thanks to the divide between supporters of

Taft and Roosevelt, Woodrow Wilson was
able to win the 1912 election. Roosevelt 1912 Presidential
received over 500,000 more popular votes Election Results Map
than Taft, and 11 times more electoral
votes.
Campaign Posters
Theodore
Roosevelt on
the Presidency
Letter from Theodore Roosevelt to
William N. Cohen, September 14,
1901
 ”Now the dreadful has occurred, and
the only thing for me to do is to take up
the burden and bear it as manfully I
can.”
Context and Analysis 1

 Theodore Roosevelt wrote this letter soon after President McKinley

died to his injuries after being shot. The use of the word “dreadful” in
describing what just transpired not only can be seen as Roosevelt
describing the death of McKinley, but also how he feels about
assuming the presidency. Roosevelt acknowledges the new
“burden” he must bear yet seems determined to carry it out as best,
or “manfully”, as he can.
Address of President Roosevelt for the
erection of a monument in memory of
President McKinley, May 13, 1903
 “It is not too much to say that no man since Lincoln
was as widely and as universally beloved in this
country as was President McKinley; for it was given to
him not only to rise to the most exalted station but to
typify in his character and conduct those virtues
which any citizen worthy of the name likes to regard
as typically American; to typify the virtues of cleanly
and upright living in all relations private and public..”
Context and Analysis 2

 During his address for a memorial in honor of McKinley, Roosevelt

seems quite positive about his predecessor. He compares McKinley
to Lincoln as being equally as beloved, and praises how his
character and virtues were those of a “typical American”. This kind
of “typical” American was something Roosevelt strove to be during
his presidency, as he believed that the president should be a
“steward of the people” who worked in the best interests for all
ordinary Americans.
 Retirement:
 After his presidency, in 1909 Roosevelt went on an expedition to
Africa to bring back specimens for the Smithsonian and the
American Museum of Natural History.
 Upon his return to America, Roosevelt was disappointed by the
Taft administration and its policies, and began to advocating for
“New Nationalism”, a progressive political platform.
Expedition to Africa
 Roosevelt would run for president again in 1912 for the Progressive
Party against Taft. Both would end up losing to Democrat
Woodrow Wilson.
 In 1913 Roosevelt went on another expedition for the American
Museum of Natural History to the Brazilian jungle

Roosevelt and the Progressive

“Bull Moose” Party
Roosevelt’s Final Days

 Theodore Roosevelt spent his final days

at his home in Sagamore Hill in Cove
Neck, New York.

 Roosevelt died in his sleep on January

6, 1919 at the age of 60.

Sagamore Hill
Details of Actual Death
 Roosevelt died as a result of a blood clot which
detached from a vein and entered his lungs.
 His death came as surprise to his physicians as it
was not linked to the inflammatory rheumatism
which had been affecting him.
 It is possible that Roosevelt’s condition resulted
from a fever contracted during his expedition in
Brazil.
 Roosevelt was active on the day prior to his
death, only experiencing some difficulty
breathing which later went away. Roosevelt’s Funeral in
 Later that night, Roosevelt appeared to have Oyster Bay, New York
slept normally but his breathing problems
returned, and in the early morning he was
discovered to have stopped breathing.
 Roosevelt’s Funeral
 Roosevelt was buried at Youngs Memorial
Cemetery on January 8, 1919.
 Following a funeral service at Christ Church
in Oyster Bay, a procession was made up a
hill to the grave site.
 Vice President Thomas R. Marshall, Charles
Evans Hughes, Warren G. Harding, Henry
Cabot Lodge, and William Howard Taft
were in attendance.
 Thomas Marshall famously said about
Roosevelt: "Death had to take Roosevelt
sleeping, for if he had been awake, there
Vice President Marshall and
would have been a fight."
William Taft at Roosevelt’s Funeral
 Roosevelt in American Memory
 Roosevelt is remembered as one of
America’s most outgoing and outspoken
presidents.
 As an environmentalist and progressivist,
Roosevelt was responsible for the creation
of numerous national parks and was an
advocate for conservation. Under his
administration, Roosevelt also passed
several progressive bills to help America’s
social welfare.
 Roosevelt saw the role of president as a
“steward of the people,” and with his
Square Deal policy sought to defend the
average American from plutocracy and
government corruption, as well as elevate
the middle class.
 Bibliography (1/4):
 The Life of Theodore Roosevelt. (2014, October 9). Retrieved June 30, 2019, from
https://www.nps.gov/thri/theodorerooseveltbio.htm
 Theodore Roosevelt. (n.d.). Retrieved June 30, 2019, from
https://www.whitehouse.gov/about-the-white-house/presidents/theodore-roosevelt/
 Editors, H. (2009, November 13). Theodore Roosevelt. Retrieved June 30, 2019, from
https://www.history.com/topics/us-presidents/theodore-roosevelt
 Theodore Roosevelt. (2019, April 17). Retrieved June 30, 2019, from
https://www.biography.com/us-president/theodore-roosevelt
 Theodore Roosevelt Biography in Brief. (n.d.). Retrieved June 30, 2019, from
https://www.theodorerooseveltcenter.org/Learn-About-TR/TR-Brief-Biography
 Theodore Roosevelt. (2017, January 12). Retrieved June 30, 2019, from
https://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/art/artifact/Sculpture_22_00025.htm
Bibliography (2/4):
 1904 Presidential Election. (n.d.). Retrieved July 28, 2019, from
https://www.270towin.com/1904_Election/
 Leip, D. (n.d.). 1904 Presidential General Election Results. Retrieved July 28, 2019, from
https://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/national.php?year=1904&f=0&off=0&elect=0
 Cunningham, J. M. (n.d.). United States presidential election of 1904. Retrieved July 28, 2019, from
https://www.britannica.com/event/United-States-presidential-election-of-1904
 Theodore Roosevelt: Campaigns and Elections. (2018, July 24). Retrieved July 28, 2019, from
https://millercenter.org/president/roosevelt/campaigns-and-elections
 Goodman, B. K. (2011, December 15). 1904. Retrieved July 28, 2019, from
https://presidentialcampaignselectionsreference.wordpress.com/overviews/20th-century/1904-
overview/
 Roosevelt The Cry. (n.d.). Retrieved July 28, 2019, from
https://lyrics.fandom.com/wiki/Oscar_Brand:Roosevelt_The_Cry
 Leip, D. (n.d.). 1912 Presidential General Election Results. Retrieved from
https://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/national.php?year=1912&f=0&off=0&elect=0
Bibliography (3/4):
 Roosevelt, Roosevelt. Letter from Theodore Roosevelt to William N.
Cohen. 14 Sep. 1901. Letter. Theodore Roosevelt Papers. Library of
Congress Manuscript Division. Theodore Roosevelt Digital Library.
Dickinson State University. June 26, 2019.
https://www.theodorerooseveltcenter.org/Research/Digital-
Library/Record?libID=o179713.
 Roosevelt, Roosevelt. Address of President Roosevelt at the
ceremonies incident to the breaking of sod for the erection of a
monument in memory of the late President McKinley, at San
Francisco, May 13, 1903. 13 May 1903. Speech. Theodore Roosevelt
Papers. Library of Congress Manuscript Division. Theodore Roosevelt
Digital Library. Dickinson State University. June 26, 2019.
https://www.theodorerooseveltcenter.org/Research/Digital-
Library/Record?libID=o289826.
Bibliography (4/4):
 Theodore Roosevelt Dies Suddenly at Oyster Bay Home; Nation Shocked, Pays Tribute to Former
President; Our Flag on All Seas and in All Lands at Half Mast. (n.d.). Retrieved July 14, 2019, from
https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/learning/general/onthisday/big/0106.html
 Gravesite. (n.d.). Retrieved July 14, 2019, from https://www.trgravesite.org/gravesite.html
 Bleyer, B. (2019, January 07). Teddy Roosevelt died 100 years ago on LI. Retrieved July 14, 2019, from
https://www.newsday.com/long-island/theodore-roosevelt-s-last-days-on-long-island-1.25153956

 Theodore Roosevelt's Legacy. (2017, September 07). Retrieved July 14, 2019, from
https://www.doi.gov/blog/theodore-roosevelts-legacy