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Vivek
Vivek
INTRODUCTION
There is a wide range of materials used in shipbuilding
comprising ferrous metals, non- ferrous metals,
plastics, GRP (Glass Reinforced Plastics/ fiber glass)
and wood.
The most widely used material in ship building
remains steel especially plan carbon or mild steel
approximately 90%.
Properties of Steel
Good metallurgical properties – to overcome
Brittle fracture and fatigue
Reasonable good mechanical properties
Low carbon steel (mild steel) have tensile strength
of 400 to 490 MN/m2 and Yield strength of 235
MN/m2, and elongation of 15 to 20 %
Susceptibility ease to join process by welding with
good control over weld defects
Cont-
Reasonable cost
Reasonably ease to cast
Ability to be heat treated. Alloy elements can
also be use to change the character of steel:
- Carbon (0.18% to 0.28%) increases hardness
and strength but reduces ductility.
- Manganese (0.6% to 15%) increase tensile
strength, ductility and notch toughness
- Silicon (< 0.5%) increase hardness and tensile
strength without making welding difficult.
- Sulphur (>0.04 or 0.05%) improves
weldability and welding stresses
- Phosphorus (> 0.04 or 0.05%) reduces
ductility and toughness
Grades of steel
Grade A - White
Grade B - Green
Grade D - Red
Grade E - Yellow
Cont-
Grade A
A mild steel used in the majority of the ship structures
of less than 20 mm thickness such as bulkheads, tank
top, non strength decks and superstructures
Grade B
90/10 Cupro-nickel:
1. Resistant to high sea water velocities allowing
reduced tube diameters
2. Resistant to corrosion under stagnant flow
conditions and pitting
3. Resistant to clogging from marine growth
4. Ease of manufacture and welding
5. Reasonable cost
Stainless steel
1. Suffers from deep pitting in stagnant waters-if cleaned
regularly this pitting can be reduced
Expected life spans of some materials in
sea water: