Pediatric Brain Tumors in Non Hispanics,

Africans Americans and Asians: differences in

survival after diagnosis

Authors: Jill S. Barnholtz-Sloan, Richard K. Severson,

Bonita Stanton, Merlin Hamre & Andrew E. Sloan
Source: Cancer Causes & Control, Vol. 16, No. 5 (June,
2005), pp.587-592
Published By: Springer
Presented To:
Dr Zahid Ahmed
Presented By:
Rabia Manzoor (557-stat-11)
Salma Zafar (562-stat-11)
 Outline

 Introduction
 Background
 Methods
 Study Population
 Objectives
 Statistical Analysis
 Results & Discussion
 Conclusion
 Acknowledgement
 References
 Introduction

A brain tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue in the brain.

It is spread by local extension and rarely metastasize
outside the brain.

Brain tumor are the most common solid and the second
most frequent malignancy in childhood.
 Symptoms

 Headaches(usually worse in the morning)

 Nausea and vomiting
 Changes in speech, vision or hearing
 Changes in mood, personality or ability to concentrate
 Problems balancing or walking
 Problems with memory
 Muscle jerking
 Tingling in the arm or legs
 Types of Brain Tumor

There are the types of primary brain tumor.

 Astrocytoma
i. Low grade
ii. High grade
iii. other
 Ependymoma
 Medulloblastoma
 Background

This Study is dealing with the Pediatric Brain Tumor of

different minorities of US (United States) which is
compared with Non-Hispanics.
Where

Non-Hispanics → White
Hispanics → Spanish, Caucasian etc
African American → Africans who live in US
Asian → Chinese, Japanese, Korean, other Asians.
 Study Design

 Subjects were 2788 children, age ≤19 year old at

diagnosed between 1973 and 1996 with primary brain
tumor.

 Data was collected through SEER Program.

 All result were performed using SAS version 9.1 and S-

Plus version 6.1 professional statistical software.
 Objectives

 To assess racial differences in survival of children with

brain tumor.

 To estimate overall survival by race.

 To assess differences between survival curves

 Variables

 Age at Diagnosis (Years)

 Gender
 Surgery Status
 Radiation Status
 Treatment Pattern
 Primary Site in Brain
 Histological Type of Tumor
 Statistical Analysis

 Chi-square test (Racial differences in prognostic

variable of interest)

 Kaplan-Meier method

 The log rank test

 Cox proportional hazard model

Results
Kaplan Meier Survival Curve
 Discussion

 Comparison with other Researches

(African American have high proportion of having
medulloblastoma. [13], this study shows that Hispanics and
Asians … )
(Non Hispanics had highest proportion of Astrocytoma,
other which have been shown in previous study using data
from CBTRUS [15])
 Advantages of the Study
1. High quality data
2. results are more likely to apply to the greater US population
3. large SS allowed us to examine all three racial groups which is
generally not possible in smaller, hospital based studies.

 Limitations of the study

1. Hispanic ethnicity classification
2. Surgery as a dichotomous variable
3. Types of treatments
 Conclusion

Overall survival after diagnosis of pediatric brain tumor is

similar for Hispanics, African Americans, Asians and
Non-Hispanics. The Distribution of histological type of
tumor varied significantly by race, but survival do not
significantly vary by race.
 Acknowledgment

Support for JSB-S by NCI grant number K07 CA91849 and

a grant from the American Brain Tumor Association.
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Thank You