PHYSICS

PROPORTIONALITY
- The relationship between two
quantities where they increase or
decrease at the same rate.

- Variables maintain a constant

ratio to each other.
X Y
1 3.14
2 6.28
3 ?
4 12.56
5 15.7
DIRECT PROPORTION
AS ONE VARIABLE
INCREASES, THE OTHER
VARIABLE ALSO INCREASES
𝒚
 K=
𝒙
STEPS IN DEALING WITH
VARIATIONS
1. ANALYSE THE RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN X AND Y
2. SOLVE FOR THE CONSTANT (K)
3. SOLVE THE MISSING VALUES
4. GRAPH THE DATA
DIRECT PROPORTION
X Y 𝟑.𝟏𝟒
K= = 3.14
1 3.14 𝟏

2 6.28
y = Kx
3 ? y = (3.14)(3)
4 12.56 y = 9.42
5 15.7
X Y
1 90.0
2 45.0
3 ?
4 22.5
5 18.0
INVERSE PROPORTION
AS ONE VARIABLE
INCREASES, THE OTHER
VARIABLE DECREASES
 K= xy
INVERSE PROPORTION
X Y K = (1)(90) = 90
1 90.0
𝒌
2 45.0 y=
𝒙
3 ?
4 22.5 𝟗𝟎
y= = 30.0
5 18.0 𝟑
X Y
1 3.14
2 12.56
3 ?
4 50.24
5 78.50
 DIRECT SQUARE
PROPORTION
Quantity of one variable is
directly proportional to the
square of the other
𝒚
 K=
𝒙𝟐
 DIRECT SQUARE
PROPORTION
X Y 𝟑.𝟏𝟒
K= = 3.14
1 3.14 𝟏𝟐

2 12.56
y= Kx 2
3 ?
y = (3.14)(3) 2
4 50.24 y = 28.26
5 78.50
X Y
1 10.0
2 7.1
3 ?
4 5.0
5 4.47
 INVERSE SQUARE
PROPORTION
Quantity of one variable is
indirectly proportional to the
square of the other
 K= xy 2
 INVERSE SQUARE
PROPORTION
X Y K= (1)(10.0) 2 = 100
1 10.0
2 7.1 y2 =
𝒌
𝒙
3 ?
4 5.0 100
y2 = √ = 5.8
5 4.47 3
PRACTICE #1:
X Y
1 150.0
2
3
4
5 30.0
Find: K ; Y variables ; relationship of x&y
PRACTICE #2:
X Y
1 20
2
3
4
5 500
Find: K ; Y variables ; relationship of x&y
PRACTICE #3:
X Y
1 90
2
3
4
5
6
7 630
Find: K ; Y variables ; relationship of x&y
PRACTICE #1: ANSWER
X Y
1 150
2 75
3 50
4 37.5
5 30
K = 150 ; Inverse Proportion
PRACTICE #2: ANSWER
X Y
1 20
2 80
3 180
4 320
5 500
K = 20 ; Direct Square Proportion
PRACTICE #3: ANSWER
X Y
1 90
2 180
3 270
4 360
5 450
6 540
7 630

K = 90 ; Direct Proportion